feat(metadata): package-scoped customization overlays (ADR-0048 #1824) (#1827)

Key sys_metadata overlays by (type, name, organization_id, package_id) so two
installed packages shipping the same name each carry their own overlay, instead
of one physically shadowing both.

- Index idx_sys_metadata_overlay_active/_draft include package_id; runtime
  migration uses COALESCE(package_id,'') so package-less globals stay unique.
- SysMetadataRepository.whereFor/put/get scope the upsert per package (a save
  for B no longer overwrites A's same-name overlay; package-less → global row).
- getMetaItem/getMetaItemLayered overlay fallback resolves only the global
  (package_id IS NULL) row on a scoped miss, never another package's row.

Verified live (two packages each shipping page/showcase_task_workbench): two
overlay rows coexist; ?package= single reads + ?layers= editor view each return
their own overlay; index migrated in place. objectql 606 green.

Follow-up: unscoped list still dedupes by bare name (collapses overlay
collisions); per-package single-item + editor paths unaffected.

Co-authored-by: Jack Zhuang <277994282+os-zhuang@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

Author: 3 people

.changeset/adr-0048-package-scoped-overlays.md

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+---
+"@objectstack/objectql": minor
+"@objectstack/metadata-core": minor
+---
+
+feat(metadata): package-scoped customization overlays (ADR-0048 #1824)
+
+A `sys_metadata` customization overlay is now keyed by `(type, name,
+organization_id, package_id)`, so two installed packages shipping an item of the
+same `type`/`name` can each carry their **own** overlay. Previously the overlay
+uniqueness key was `(type, name, organization_id)` — physically one row per
+name — so customizing one package's item shadowed both, and a package-scoped
+read fell back to whichever row existed.
+
+- **Index**: `idx_sys_metadata_overlay_active` / `…_draft` now include
+  `package_id`. The runtime migration (`ensureOverlayIndex`) uses
+  `COALESCE(package_id, '')` so package-less (global) overlays stay unique among
+  themselves (a plain unique index treats NULLs as distinct). DROP-then-CREATE,
+  idempotent; existing rows migrate safely (the old key already guaranteed one
+  row per `(type, name, org)`).
+- **Write**: `SysMetadataRepository.whereFor`/`put`/`get` scope the upsert to the
+  requested package, so a save bound to package B no longer finds and overwrites
+  package A's same-name overlay. A package-less save (`packageId` null) targets
+  the global row.
+- **Read**: `getMetaItem` / `getMetaItemLayered` overlay lookups already prefer
+  the package-scoped row; the fallback now resolves only the **global**
+  (`package_id IS NULL`) overlay, never a *different* package's row. Package-less
+  readers are unchanged (match-any, back-compat).
+
+Verified live against a real collision (two packages each shipping
+`page/showcase_task_workbench`): two overlay rows coexist, and `?package=` single
+reads + the `?layers=true` Studio editor view each return that package's own
+overlay; the unique index migrated in place.
+
+Known follow-up: the *unscoped list* (`GET /meta/:type` with no `?package=`)
+still dedupes by bare name, so when two packages both carry an overlay on the
+same name the list collapses them — the per-package single-item and editor paths
+are unaffected. Tracked for the list-dedup-by-name work.

packages/metadata-core/src/objects/sys-metadata.object.ts

@@ -199,15 +199,20 @@ export const SysMetadataObject = ObjectSchema.create({
   },
 
   indexes: [
-    // ADR-0005 (revised 2026-05): overlay uniqueness is scoped by
-    // (type, name, organization_id), restricted to active rows so resets
-    // / archived versions don't collide. environment_id is deprecated and
-    // not part of the discriminator. The runtime layer (protocol.ts
-    // ensureOverlayIndex) issues a DROP-then-CREATE migration to
-    // replace any pre-existing legacy composite index in-place.
+    // ADR-0005 (revised 2026-05) + ADR-0048: overlay uniqueness is scoped by
+    // (type, name, organization_id, package_id), restricted to active rows so
+    // resets / archived versions don't collide. `package_id` is part of the
+    // discriminator so two installed packages shipping the same `type`/`name`
+    // each get their OWN customization row (a package-less / global overlay
+    // uses NULL). environment_id is deprecated and not part of the
+    // discriminator. The runtime layer (protocol.ts ensureOverlayIndex) issues
+    // a DROP-then-CREATE migration that uses `COALESCE(package_id,'')` so the
+    // package-less rows stay unique among themselves (SQLite treats NULLs as
+    // distinct in a plain unique index); this declaration is the fallback shape
+    // for drivers without the runtime migration.
     {
       name: 'idx_sys_metadata_overlay_active',
-      fields: ['type', 'name', 'organization_id'],
+      fields: ['type', 'name', 'organization_id', 'package_id'],
       unique: true,
       partial: "state = 'active'",
     },

packages/objectql/src/protocol-meta.test.ts

@@ -60,7 +60,9 @@ describe('ObjectStackProtocolImplementation - Metadata Persistence', () => {
                 organizationId: 'org_alpha',
             });
             expect(mockEngine.findOne).toHaveBeenCalledWith('sys_metadata', {
-                where: { type: 'app', name: 'test_app', organization_id: 'org_alpha', state: 'active' },
+                // ADR-0048 — a package-less save scopes the upsert lookup to the
+                // GLOBAL row (package_id IS NULL), not any package's row.
+                where: { type: 'app', name: 'test_app', organization_id: 'org_alpha', state: 'active', package_id: null },
             });
             expect(mockEngine.insert).toHaveBeenCalledWith('sys_metadata', expect.objectContaining({
                 organization_id: 'org_alpha',
@@ -241,7 +243,8 @@ describe('ObjectStackProtocolImplementation - Metadata Persistence', () => {
             await protocol.saveMetaItem({ type: 'app', name: 'test_app', item: sampleApp });
 
             expect(mockEngine.findOne).toHaveBeenCalledWith('sys_metadata', {
-                where: { type: 'app', name: 'test_app', organization_id: null, state: 'active' }
+                // ADR-0048 — package-less save scopes the lookup to the global row.
+                where: { type: 'app', name: 'test_app', organization_id: null, state: 'active', package_id: null }
             });
             expect(mockEngine.insert).toHaveBeenCalledWith('sys_metadata', expect.objectContaining({
                 name: 'test_app',
@@ -252,6 +255,25 @@ describe('ObjectStackProtocolImplementation - Metadata Persistence', () => {
             }), expect.anything());
         });
 
+        it('scopes the upsert lookup to the requested package (ADR-0048 #1824)', async () => {
+            // A save bound to package B must look up B's own row, not match (and
+            // overwrite) package A's same-name overlay — that is what lets two
+            // installed packages keep independent customizations.
+            mockEngine.findOne.mockResolvedValue(null);
+
+            await protocol.saveMetaItem({
+                type: 'app', name: 'test_app', item: sampleApp,
+                organizationId: 'org_alpha', packageId: 'com.acme.beta',
+            });
+
+            expect(mockEngine.findOne).toHaveBeenCalledWith('sys_metadata', {
+                where: { type: 'app', name: 'test_app', organization_id: 'org_alpha', state: 'active', package_id: 'com.acme.beta' },
+            });
+            expect(mockEngine.insert).toHaveBeenCalledWith('sys_metadata', expect.objectContaining({
+                package_id: 'com.acme.beta',
+            }), expect.anything());
+        });
+
         it('should update an existing record in the database and increment version', async () => {
             const existingRecord = { id: 'existing-uuid', version: 2 };
             mockEngine.findOne.mockResolvedValue(existingRecord);

packages/objectql/src/protocol.ts

@@ -750,20 +750,25 @@ export class ObjectStackProtocolImplementation implements ObjectStackProtocol {
                     throw new Error('driver has neither raw nor execute');
                 }
             };
-            // ADR-0005 (revised 2026-05): per-env DBs replace the old
+            // ADR-0005 (revised 2026-05) + ADR-0048: per-env DBs replace the old
             // "per-project" isolation, so `environment_id` is no longer a
             // discriminator. Overlay uniqueness is `(type, name,
-            // organization_id)` filtered to active rows. Drop the legacy
-            // composite index first so the new partial UNIQUE can claim
-            // the same name — DROP INDEX IF EXISTS is idempotent.
+            // organization_id, COALESCE(package_id,''))` filtered to active
+            // rows — `package_id` is in the key so two installed packages
+            // shipping the same name each get their own overlay, while
+            // `COALESCE(...,'')` keeps the package-less (global) rows unique
+            // among themselves (a plain unique index would treat NULLs as
+            // distinct and allow duplicate globals). Drop the legacy composite
+            // index first so the new partial UNIQUE can claim the same name —
+            // DROP INDEX IF EXISTS is idempotent.
             try { await exec("DROP INDEX IF EXISTS idx_sys_metadata_overlay_active"); } catch { /* best-effort */ }
             const partialSql =
                 "CREATE UNIQUE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_sys_metadata_overlay_active " +
-                "ON sys_metadata (type, name, organization_id) " +
+                "ON sys_metadata (type, name, organization_id, COALESCE(package_id, '')) " +
                 "WHERE state = 'active'";
             const fallbackSql =
                 "CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_sys_metadata_overlay_active " +
-                "ON sys_metadata (type, name, organization_id)";
+                "ON sys_metadata (type, name, organization_id, package_id)";
             try {
                 await exec(partialSql);
             } catch (err: any) {
@@ -779,12 +784,14 @@ export class ObjectStackProtocolImplementation implements ObjectStackProtocol {
             }
             // Mirror the same partial-UNIQUE for draft rows so a second
             // simultaneous draft cannot be inserted for the same
-            // (type,name,org). The unique-active index above already
+            // (type,name,org,package). The unique-active index above already
             // guards published rows; the two never collide because the
-            // `state` predicate disambiguates them.
+            // `state` predicate disambiguates them. DROP first so an existing
+            // legacy 3-column draft index is replaced in-place (ADR-0048).
+            try { await exec("DROP INDEX IF EXISTS idx_sys_metadata_overlay_draft"); } catch { /* best-effort */ }
             const draftPartialSql =
                 "CREATE UNIQUE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_sys_metadata_overlay_draft " +
-                "ON sys_metadata (type, name, organization_id) " +
+                "ON sys_metadata (type, name, organization_id, COALESCE(package_id, '')) " +
                 "WHERE state = 'draft'";
             try {
                 await exec(draftPartialSql);
@@ -794,7 +801,7 @@ export class ObjectStackProtocolImplementation implements ObjectStackProtocol {
                     try {
                         await exec(
                             "CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS idx_sys_metadata_overlay_draft " +
-                            "ON sys_metadata (type, name, organization_id)",
+                            "ON sys_metadata (type, name, organization_id, package_id)",
                         );
                     } catch {
                         // ignore — best effort
@@ -1428,6 +1435,11 @@ export class ObjectStackProtocolImplementation implements ObjectStackProtocol {
                                 where: { ...base, package_id: request.packageId },
                             });
                             if (scoped) return scoped;
+                            // ADR-0048 — global (package-less) draft only, never
+                            // another package's draft.
+                            return await this.engine.findOne('sys_metadata', {
+                                where: { ...base, package_id: null },
+                            });
                         }
                         return await this.engine.findOne('sys_metadata', { where: base });
                     };
@@ -1476,7 +1488,15 @@ export class ObjectStackProtocolImplementation implements ObjectStackProtocol {
                             where: { ...base, package_id: request.packageId },
                         });
                         if (scoped) return scoped;
+                        // ADR-0048 — no package-owned overlay; fall back to the
+                        // GLOBAL (package-less) overlay only. Must NOT match a
+                        // different package's row, or a collision would serve
+                        // package B's customization for a package A read.
+                        return await this.engine.findOne('sys_metadata', {
+                            where: { ...base, package_id: null },
+                        });
                     }
+                    // No package context (legacy/runtime reader) — match any.
                     return await this.engine.findOne('sys_metadata', { where: base });
                 };
                 const rec = await lookup(request.type);
@@ -1748,6 +1768,11 @@ export class ObjectStackProtocolImplementation implements ObjectStackProtocol {
                             where: { ...base, package_id: request.packageId },
                         });
                         if (scoped) return scoped;
+                        // ADR-0048 — fall back to the GLOBAL (package-less)
+                        // overlay only, never another package's row.
+                        return await this.engine.findOne('sys_metadata', {
+                            where: { ...base, package_id: null },
+                        });
                     }
                     return await this.engine.findOne('sys_metadata', { where: base });
                 };
@@ -3722,8 +3747,13 @@ export class ObjectStackProtocolImplementation implements ObjectStackProtocol {
                 // Parent is scoped to the lifecycle we're about to write:
                 // a draft's parent is the current draft hash (or null
                 // for the first draft); a publish's parent is the
-                // current published hash.
-                const current = await repo.get(ref, { state: mode === 'draft' ? 'draft' : 'active' });
+                // current published hash. ADR-0048 — scope to the same
+                // package the upsert targets so a collision's other-package
+                // row is never read as this item's parent.
+                const current = await repo.get(ref, {
+                    state: mode === 'draft' ? 'draft' : 'active',
+                    packageId: request.packageId ?? null,
+                });
                 parentVersion = current?.hash ?? null;
             }
             try {

packages/objectql/src/sys-metadata-repository.ts

@@ -250,11 +250,17 @@ export class SysMetadataRepository implements MetadataRepository {
    * live published row (`'active'`). Pass `'draft'` to read the pending
    * unpublished revision (if any).
    */
-  async get(ref: MetaRef, opts?: { state?: OverlayState }): Promise<MetadataItem | null> {
+  async get(
+    ref: MetaRef,
+    opts?: { state?: OverlayState; packageId?: string | null },
+  ): Promise<MetadataItem | null> {
     this.assertOpen();
     const state = opts?.state ?? 'active';
+    // ADR-0048 — when a package scope is supplied, resolve the row owned by
+    // that package (used by saveMetaItem to read the correct parent-version
+    // lineage before an upsert). Omitted → legacy "any package" match.
     const row = await this.engine.findOne('sys_metadata', {
-      where: this.whereFor(ref, state),
+      where: this.whereFor(ref, state, opts && 'packageId' in opts ? (opts.packageId ?? null) : undefined),
     });
     if (!row) return null;
     return this.rowToItem(ref, row);
@@ -314,8 +320,11 @@ export class SysMetadataRepository implements MetadataRepository {
     // Run all reads + writes inside one transaction so the optimistic
     // lock, the parent-row mutation, and the history append are atomic.
     const result = await this.withTxn(async (ctx) => {
+      // ADR-0048 — scope the existing-row lookup to the requested package so a
+      // save for package B does not find (and overwrite) package A's same-name
+      // overlay. A package-less save (packageId null) targets the global row.
       const existing = await this.engine.findOne('sys_metadata', {
-        where: this.whereFor(ref, state),
+        where: this.whereFor(ref, state, opts.packageId ?? null),
         context: ctx,
       });
       const existingHash: string | null = existing?.checksum ?? null;
@@ -903,13 +912,22 @@ export class SysMetadataRepository implements MetadataRepository {
   private whereFor(
     ref: Pick<MetaRef, 'type' | 'name'>,
     state: OverlayState = 'active',
+    packageId?: string | null,
   ): Record<string, unknown> {
-    return {
+    const where: Record<string, unknown> = {
       type: ref.type,
       name: ref.name,
       organization_id: this.organizationId,
       state,
     };
+    // ADR-0048 — when the caller scopes by package, the overlay row is keyed by
+    // `(org, type, name, package_id)` so two installed packages shipping the
+    // same name each get their OWN customization row (a package-less / global
+    // overlay uses `package_id IS NULL`). When `packageId` is omitted (legacy
+    // callers — delete/promote/restore), the package dimension is left out so
+    // the query keeps its historical "match any package" behaviour.
+    if (packageId !== undefined) where.package_id = packageId; // string → eq; null → IS NULL
+    return where;
   }
 
   private fullRef(ref: Pick<MetaRef, 'type' | 'name'>): MetaRef {