diff --git a/.changeset/ownership-record-model-field.md b/.changeset/ownership-record-model-field.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1fab1f596d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/ownership-record-model-field.md
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+---
+"@objectstack/spec": minor
+"@objectstack/cli": patch
+---
+
+fix(spec): declare `ownership` as a first-class ObjectSchema field (#3175)
+
+The object-level record-ownership model — `ownership: 'user' | 'org' | 'none'`,
+which drives the registry's `owner_id` auto-provisioning (`applySystemFields`) —
+was read by the engine via `(schema as any).ownership` while `ObjectSchema.create()`
+**rejected** it as an unknown top-level key (ADR-0032 / #1535). So a tested engine
+opt-out (`ownership: 'org' | 'none'` on catalog / junction tables) could not be
+set through the sanctioned authoring path, and the same `ownership` word was read
+elsewhere as the unrelated package-contribution kind (`own` / `extend`).
+
+- **spec**: `ObjectSchema` now declares `ownership: z.enum(['user','org','none']).optional()`.
+  Authoring the record-ownership opt-out validates cleanly; the registry reads it
+  off the typed schema (no `as any`). A retired `ownership: 'own'` / `'extend'`
+  value fails with guidance pointing at the record-ownership model and noting that
+  `own`/`extend` is the contribution kind (`registerObject`), not an object-schema value.
+- **cli**: the `object` scaffold no longer emits the now-invalid `ownership: 'own'`
+  (owner injection is the default), and `objectstack info` labels the record model
+  with the correct `user` default.
+
+No runtime behavior change: `applySystemFields` and its `owner_id` injection logic
+are unchanged — this makes the property the engine already honors legally authorable
+and consistently typed.
diff --git a/content/docs/references/data/object.mdx b/content/docs/references/data/object.mdx
index 25fbc6161d..ecb03593eb 100644
--- a/content/docs/references/data/object.mdx
+++ b/content/docs/references/data/object.mdx
@@ -105,6 +105,7 @@ const result = ApiMethod.parse(data);
 | **isSystem** | `boolean` | optional | Is system object (protected from deletion) |
 | **abstract** | `boolean` | optional | Is abstract base object (cannot be instantiated) |
 | **managedBy** | `Enum<'platform' \| 'config' \| 'system' \| 'append-only' \| 'better-auth'>` | optional | Lifecycle bucket — platform (user CRUD) \| config (admin authored) \| system (engine-managed) \| append-only (audit) \| better-auth (identity). UI clients honour the resolved affordance matrix. |
+| **ownership** | `Enum<'user' \| 'org' \| 'none'>` | optional | Record-ownership model: user (default — injects reassignable owner_id) \| org \| none (no per-record owner, skips owner_id). Distinct from the package own/extend contribution kind. |
 | **userActions** | `{ create?: boolean; import?: boolean; edit?: boolean \| { enabled?: boolean; visibleWhen?: string \| { dialect: Enum<'cel' \| 'js' \| 'cron' \| 'template'>; source?: string; ast?: any; meta?: object }; disabledWhen?: string \| { dialect: Enum<'cel' \| 'js' \| 'cron' \| 'template'>; source?: string; ast?: any; meta?: object } }; delete?: boolean \| { enabled?: boolean; visibleWhen?: string \| { dialect: Enum<'cel' \| 'js' \| 'cron' \| 'template'>; source?: string; ast?: any; meta?: object }; disabledWhen?: string \| { dialect: Enum<'cel' \| 'js' \| 'cron' \| 'template'>; source?: string; ast?: any; meta?: object } }; … }` | optional | Per-object override of the resolved CRUD affordance matrix. |
 | **systemFields** | `'false' \| { tenant?: boolean; owner?: boolean; audit?: boolean }` | optional | Opt out of, or selectively disable, registry-level system-field auto-injection. |
 | **datasource** | `string` | optional | Target Datasource ID. "default" is the primary DB. |
diff --git a/packages/cli/src/commands/generate.ts b/packages/cli/src/commands/generate.ts
index 92155e4969..661c5c82a8 100644
--- a/packages/cli/src/commands/generate.ts
+++ b/packages/cli/src/commands/generate.ts
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ const ${toCamelCase(name)}: Data.Object = {
   name: '${toSnakeCase(name)}',
   label: '${toTitleCase(name)}',
   pluralLabel: '${toTitleCase(name)}s',
-  ownership: 'own',
   fields: {
     name: {
       type: 'text',
diff --git a/packages/cli/src/commands/info.ts b/packages/cli/src/commands/info.ts
index 18130b5296..5062260d73 100644
--- a/packages/cli/src/commands/info.ts
+++ b/packages/cli/src/commands/info.ts
@@ -74,7 +74,8 @@ export default class Info extends Command {
         console.log(chalk.bold('  Objects:'));
         for (const obj of config.objects) {
           const fieldCount = obj.fields ? Object.keys(obj.fields).length : 0;
-          const ownership = obj.ownership || 'own';
+          // Record-ownership model (#3175); defaults to user-owned when unset.
+          const ownership = obj.ownership || 'user';
           console.log(
             `    ${chalk.cyan(obj.name || '?')}` +
             chalk.dim(` (${fieldCount} fields, ${ownership})`) +
diff --git a/packages/objectql/src/registry.ts b/packages/objectql/src/registry.ts
index cd0f838fea..480262f393 100644
--- a/packages/objectql/src/registry.ts
+++ b/packages/objectql/src/registry.ts
@@ -269,7 +269,9 @@ export function applySystemFields(
   // junction tables). Note this is the SAFE default direction: forgetting the
   // opt-out leaves a harmless spare column, whereas the old opt-IN model let
   // authors silently ship objects with no working ownership at all.
-  const ownership = (schema as any).ownership as 'user' | 'org' | 'none' | undefined;
+  // `ownership` is now a declared ObjectSchema field (record-ownership model),
+  // so it reads off the typed schema — no `as any` (#3175).
+  const ownership = schema.ownership;
   const wantOwner =
     ownership !== 'org' &&
     ownership !== 'none' &&
diff --git a/packages/spec/liveness/object.json b/packages/spec/liveness/object.json
index 1eff94918f..57cd3763fb 100644
--- a/packages/spec/liveness/object.json
+++ b/packages/spec/liveness/object.json
@@ -97,6 +97,11 @@
       "evidence": "packages/objectql/src/registry.ts:208",
       "note": "default perms; ui crudAffordances."
     },
+    "ownership": {
+      "status": "live",
+      "evidence": "packages/objectql/src/registry.ts:272",
+      "note": "#3175 record-ownership model. applySystemFields injects the reassignable owner_id lookup by default (ownership:'user'); 'org'|'none' opt out (Dataverse-style catalog/junction tables). Proven in objectql/src/registry.test.ts."
+    },
     "access": {
       "status": "live",
       "evidence": "packages/plugins/plugin-security/src/permission-evaluator.ts",
diff --git a/packages/spec/src/data/object.test.ts b/packages/spec/src/data/object.test.ts
index 6d1f39806e..e0c7da9cc2 100644
--- a/packages/spec/src/data/object.test.ts
+++ b/packages/spec/src/data/object.test.ts
@@ -880,6 +880,33 @@ describe('ObjectSchema.create()', () => {
     })).toThrow();
   });
 
+  // #3175 — `ownership` (record-ownership model) is now a declared field.
+  // Before, the registry read it via `(schema as any).ownership` while
+  // ObjectSchema.create() rejected it as an unknown key; these lock the two ends
+  // together.
+  describe('ownership record-model field (#3175)', () => {
+    it('accepts the record-ownership opt-out values the registry reads', () => {
+      for (const ownership of ['user', 'org', 'none'] as const) {
+        const obj = ObjectSchema.create({ name: 'catalog', ownership, fields: { title: { type: 'text' } } });
+        expect(obj.ownership).toBe(ownership);
+      }
+    });
+
+    it('leaves ownership undefined when omitted (registry defaults to user-owned)', () => {
+      const obj = ObjectSchema.create({ name: 'lead', fields: { title: { type: 'text' } } });
+      expect(obj.ownership).toBeUndefined();
+    });
+
+    it('rejects the retired `own`/`extend` contribution-kind value with guidance', () => {
+      expect(() => ObjectSchema.create({
+        name: 'demo',
+        // @ts-expect-error — 'own' is the package-contribution kind, not a record-ownership value
+        ownership: 'own',
+        fields: { title: { type: 'text' } },
+      })).toThrow(/record-ownership model|registerObject/);
+    });
+  });
+
   // ADR-0032 "no silent failure" for metadata shape (issue #1535): unknown
   // top-level keys used to be stripped silently, shipping dead metadata.
   describe('unknown-key rejection (#1535)', () => {
diff --git a/packages/spec/src/data/object.zod.ts b/packages/spec/src/data/object.zod.ts
index 2127e365ae..bbf612b4dd 100644
--- a/packages/spec/src/data/object.zod.ts
+++ b/packages/spec/src/data/object.zod.ts
@@ -663,6 +663,31 @@ const ObjectSchemaBase = z.object({
     'Lifecycle bucket — platform (user CRUD) | config (admin authored) | system (engine-managed) | append-only (audit) | better-auth (identity). UI clients honour the resolved affordance matrix.',
   ),
 
+  /**
+   * Record-ownership model — who a *record* belongs to. Drives the registry's
+   * `owner_id` auto-provisioning (`packages/objectql/src/registry.ts` →
+   * `applySystemFields`):
+   *
+   *   - `user` (default) — per-record owner: injects the reassignable `owner_id`
+   *     lookup, engaging owner-scoped RLS, "My" views, owner reports and
+   *     first-admin bootstrap.
+   *   - `org` / `none` — no per-record owner (Dataverse-style catalog / junction
+   *     tables); `owner_id` is NOT injected. (Platform-managed tables — `managedBy`
+   *     set, or the `sys_` namespace — skip owner injection regardless.)
+   *
+   * NOTE: this is the RECORD-ownership model, DISTINCT from the package
+   * *contribution* kind (`own` | `extend`, {@link ObjectOwnershipEnum}) that lives
+   * on the registry's contributor record and is set via `registerObject` — do not
+   * conflate the two despite the shared word.
+   */
+  ownership: z.enum(['user', 'org', 'none'], {
+    error:
+      "`ownership` is the record-ownership model — one of 'user' (default) | 'org' | 'none'. " +
+      "The package-contribution kind 'own'/'extend' is set via registerObject, not on the object schema.",
+  }).optional().describe(
+    "Record-ownership model: user (default — injects reassignable owner_id) | org | none (no per-record owner, skips owner_id). Distinct from the package own/extend contribution kind.",
+  ),
+
   /**
    * Per-object override of the generic CRUD affordances that the UI
    * surfaces. Each flag overrides the default derived from