Add Java 24 to test matrix

[trask]

Java 25 should be available in our matrix soon, but in the meantime, looks like we missed Java 24 b/c Renovate auto-update isn't working (I'm looking into this separately, but wanted to get this updated in the meantime).

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 90.12%. Comparing base (567e737) to head (3a4c749).
⚠️ Report is 4 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff            @@
##               main    #7679   +/-   ##
=========================================
  Coverage     90.12%   90.12%           
  Complexity     7183     7183           
=========================================
  Files           814      814           
  Lines         21675    21675           
  Branches       2123     2123           
=========================================
  Hits          19534    19534           
  Misses         1475     1475           
  Partials        666      666           

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