feat(config): Add TracerProvider support for declarative config (#4985)

* config: add resource and propagator creation from declarative config

Implements create_resource() and create_propagator()/configure_propagator()
for the declarative file configuration. Resource creation does not read
OTEL_RESOURCE_ATTRIBUTES or run any detectors (matches Java/JS SDK behavior).
Propagator configuration always calls set_global_textmap to override Python's
default tracecontext+baggage, setting a noop CompositePropagator when no
propagator is configured.

Assisted-by: Claude Sonnet 4.6

* update changelog with PR number

Assisted-by: Claude Sonnet 4.6

* fix pylint, pyright and ruff errors in resource/propagator config

- _resource.py: refactor _coerce_attribute_value to dispatch table to
  avoid too-many-return-statements; fix short variable names k/v ->
  attr_key/attr_val; fix return type of _sdk_default_attributes to
  dict[str, str] to satisfy pyright
- _propagator.py: rename short variable names e -> exc, p -> propagator
- test_resource.py: move imports to top level; split TestCreateResource
  (25 methods) into three focused classes to satisfy too-many-public-methods
- test_propagator.py: add pylint disable for protected-access

Assisted-by: Claude Sonnet 4.6

* address review feedback: use _DEFAULT_RESOURCE, fix bool_array coercion

- replace _sdk_default_attributes() with _DEFAULT_RESOURCE from resources module
- move _coerce_bool into dispatch tables for both scalar and array bool types,
  fixing a bug where bool_array with string values like "false" would coerce
  incorrectly via plain bool() (non-empty string -> True)
- add test for bool_array with string values to cover the bug

Assisted-by: Claude Sonnet 4.6

* fix linter

* address review feedback: single coercion table, simplify attributes merge

- collapse _SCALAR_COERCIONS and _ARRAY_COERCIONS into a single _COERCIONS
  dict using an _array() factory, reducing _coerce_attribute_value to two lines
- process attributes_list before attributes so explicit attributes naturally
  overwrite list entries without needing an explicit guard

Assisted-by: Claude Sonnet 4.6

* use Callable type annotation on _array helper

Assisted-by: Claude Sonnet 4.6

* add detection infrastructure foundations for resource detectors

Adds _run_detectors() stub and _filter_attributes() to create_resource(),
providing the shared scaffolding for detector PRs to build on. Detectors
are opt-in: nothing runs unless explicitly listed under
detection_development.detectors in the config. The include/exclude
attribute filter mirrors other SDK behaviour.

Assisted-by: Claude Sonnet 4.6

* move service.name default into base resource

Merges service.name=unknown_service into base before running detectors,
so detectors (e.g. service) can override it. Previously it was added to
config_attrs and merged last, which would have silently overridden any
detector-provided service.name.

Assisted-by: Claude Sonnet 4.6

* remove unused logging import from _propagator.py

Assisted-by: Claude Sonnet 4.6

* add TracerProvider creation from declarative config

Implements create_tracer_provider() and configure_tracer_provider() for
the declarative configuration pipeline (tracking issue #3631 step 5).

Key behaviors:
- Never reads OTEL_TRACES_SAMPLER or OTEL_SPAN_*_LIMIT env vars; absent
  config fields use OTel spec defaults (matching Java SDK behavior)
- Default sampler is ParentBased(root=ALWAYS_ON) per the OTel spec
- SpanLimits absent fields use hardcoded defaults (128) not env vars
- configure_tracer_provider(None) is a no-op per spec/Java/JS behavior
- OTLP exporter fields pass None through so the exporter reads its own
  env vars for unspecified values
- Lazy imports for optional OTLP packages with ConfigurationError on missing
- Supports all 4 ParentBased delegate samplers

Assisted-by: Claude Sonnet 4.6

* add changelog entry for PR #4985

Assisted-by: Claude Sonnet 4.6

* fix CI lint/type failures in tracer provider config

- add # noqa: PLC0415 to lazy OTLP imports (ruff also enforces this)
- move SDK imports to top-level (BatchSpanProcessor, etc.)
- convert test helper methods to @staticmethod to satisfy no-self-use
- add pylint: disable=protected-access for private member access in tests
- fix return type annotation on _create_span_processor

Assisted-by: Claude Sonnet 4.6

* fix pylint no-self-use on TestCreateSampler._make_provider

Assisted-by: Claude Sonnet 4.6

* use allowlist for bool coercion in declarative config resource

Assisted-by: Claude Sonnet 4.6

* address review feedback: simplify resource filter and propagator loading

Assisted-by: Claude Sonnet 4.6

* fix ruff formatting

Assisted-by: Claude Sonnet 4.6

* fix pyright: wrap EntryPoints in iter() for next() compatibility

Assisted-by: Claude Sonnet 4.6

Author: MikeGoldsmith

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -12,7 +12,9 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
 
 ## Unreleased
 
-- Enabled the flake8-tidy-import plugins rules for the ruff linter. These rules throw warnings for relative imports in the modules. 
+- `opentelemetry-sdk`: Add `create_tracer_provider`/`configure_tracer_provider` to declarative file configuration, enabling TracerProvider instantiation from config files without reading env vars
+  ([#4985](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-python/pull/4985))
+- Enabled the flake8-tidy-import plugins rules for the ruff linter. These rules throw warnings for relative imports in the modules.
   ([#5019](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-python/pull/5019))
 - `opentelemetry-sdk`: Fix `AttributeError` in `ExplicitBucketHistogramAggregation` when applied to non-Histogram instruments without explicit boundaries
   ([#5034](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-python/pull/5034))

opentelemetry-sdk/src/opentelemetry/sdk/_configuration/_propagator.py

@@ -36,13 +36,16 @@
 def _load_entry_point_propagator(name: str) -> TextMapPropagator:
     """Load a propagator by name from the opentelemetry_propagator entry point group."""
     try:
-        eps = list(entry_points(group="opentelemetry_propagator", name=name))
-        if not eps:
+        ep = next(
+            iter(entry_points(group="opentelemetry_propagator", name=name)),
+            None,
+        )
+        if not ep:
             raise ConfigurationError(
                 f"Propagator '{name}' not found. "
                 "It may not be installed or may be misspelled."
             )
-        return eps[0].load()()
+        return ep.load()()
     except ConfigurationError:
         raise
     except Exception as exc:
@@ -85,29 +88,24 @@ def create_propagator(
     if config is None:
         return CompositePropagator([])
 
-    propagators: list[TextMapPropagator] = []
-    seen_types: set[type] = set()
-
-    def _add_deduped(propagator: TextMapPropagator) -> None:
-        if type(propagator) not in seen_types:
-            seen_types.add(type(propagator))
-            propagators.append(propagator)
+    propagators: dict[type[TextMapPropagator], TextMapPropagator] = {}
 
     # Process structured composite list
     if config.composite:
         for entry in config.composite:
             for propagator in _propagators_from_textmap_config(entry):
-                _add_deduped(propagator)
+                propagators.setdefault(type(propagator), propagator)
 
     # Process composite_list (comma-separated propagator names via entry_points)
     if config.composite_list:
         for name in config.composite_list.split(","):
             name = name.strip()
             if not name or name.lower() == "none":
                 continue
-            _add_deduped(_load_entry_point_propagator(name))
+            propagator = _load_entry_point_propagator(name)
+            propagators.setdefault(type(propagator), propagator)
 
-    return CompositePropagator(propagators)
+    return CompositePropagator(list(propagators.values()))
 
 
 def configure_propagator(config: Optional[PropagatorConfig]) -> None:

opentelemetry-sdk/src/opentelemetry/sdk/_configuration/_resource.py

@@ -173,13 +173,9 @@ def _filter_attributes(
     if not included and not excluded:
         return attrs
 
-    effective_included = included if included else None  # [] → include all
-
     result: dict[str, object] = {}
     for key, value in attrs.items():
-        if effective_included is not None and not any(
-            fnmatch.fnmatch(key, pat) for pat in effective_included
-        ):
+        if included and not any(fnmatch.fnmatch(key, pat) for pat in included):
             continue
         if excluded and any(fnmatch.fnmatch(key, pat) for pat in excluded):
             continue