opentelemetry-api: suppress SelectableGroups DeprecationWarning on Python 3.10/3.11

.changelog/5231.fixed

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Suppress ``SelectableGroups`` ``DeprecationWarning`` emitted by
+``importlib.metadata.entry_points()`` on Python 3.10 and 3.11 when
+``opentelemetry.context`` (or any module that calls ``entry_points()``) is
+imported.

opentelemetry-api/src/opentelemetry/util/_importlib_metadata.py

@@ -9,8 +9,10 @@
 
 - https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-python/pull/4735
 - https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-python/pull/5203
+- https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-python/issues/5231
 """
 
+import warnings
 from functools import cache
 from importlib.metadata import (
     Distribution,
@@ -34,7 +36,19 @@ def _as_entry_points(eps: Any) -> EntryPoints:
 
 @cache
 def _original_entry_points_cached() -> EntryPoints:
-    return _as_entry_points(original_entry_points())
+    # On Python 3.10 and 3.11, calling entry_points() without arguments returns
+    # a SelectableGroups object. Its .values() method emits a DeprecationWarning
+    # ("SelectableGroups dict interface is deprecated. Use select.") that cannot
+    # be avoided while caching all entry points in a single upfront call.
+    # The @cache decorator ensures this path runs only once per interpreter
+    # session, so suppressing the warning here is both safe and targeted.
+    with warnings.catch_warnings():
+        warnings.filterwarnings(
+            "ignore",
+            category=DeprecationWarning,
+            message="SelectableGroups dict interface is deprecated",
+        )
+        return _as_entry_points(original_entry_points())
 
 
 def entry_points(**params) -> EntryPoints:

opentelemetry-api/tests/util/test__importlib_metadata.py

@@ -1,13 +1,15 @@
 # Copyright The OpenTelemetry Authors
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 
+import warnings
 from unittest import TestCase
 
 from opentelemetry.metrics import MeterProvider
 from opentelemetry.util._importlib_metadata import (
     EntryPoint,
     EntryPoints,
     _as_entry_points,
+    _original_entry_points_cached,
     version,
 )
 from opentelemetry.util._importlib_metadata import (
@@ -102,6 +104,39 @@ def test_uniform_behavior(self):
 
         self.assertIsInstance(version("opentelemetry-api"), str)
 
+    def test_no_deprecation_warning_from_entry_points(self):
+        """entry_points() must not emit DeprecationWarning on any supported Python version.
+
+        On Python 3.10/3.11, importlib.metadata.entry_points() called without
+        arguments returns a SelectableGroups object.  Accessing its .values()
+        attribute emits ``DeprecationWarning: SelectableGroups dict interface is
+        deprecated. Use select.``, which breaks projects that run their test
+        suites with ``-W error``.  The wrapper in _importlib_metadata.py must
+        suppress that warning before it propagates.
+
+        Regression test for https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-python/issues/5231
+        """
+        with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True) as caught:
+            warnings.simplefilter("always")
+            # Clear the cache so the cached path is exercised fresh inside the
+            # catch_warnings context, making the assertion reliable.
+            _original_entry_points_cached.cache_clear()
+            importlib_metadata_entry_points()
+            # Restore cache state for the rest of the test run.
+            _original_entry_points_cached.cache_clear()
+
+        selectable_groups_warnings = [
+            w
+            for w in caught
+            if issubclass(w.category, DeprecationWarning)
+            and "SelectableGroups" in str(w.message)
+        ]
+        self.assertEqual(
+            selectable_groups_warnings,
+            [],
+            "entry_points() must not emit a SelectableGroups DeprecationWarning",
+        )
+
     def test_as_entry_points_selectable_groups_compat(self):
         """Test that _as_entry_points correctly normalizes dict-like SelectableGroups
         (returned by importlib.metadata.entry_points() in Python 3.10) into EntryPoints.