[golang] bump to golang 1.23

[stuggi]

• bump in go.mod (base and api)
• bump go-toolset in Dockerfile
• bump in github jobs ('.github/workflows')
• Bump the golangci-lint version in the .pre-commit-config.yaml to v2.4.0
• Bump build_root_image in .ci-operator.yaml to ci-build-root-golang-1.23-sdk-1.31 (if set)

To test on existing env:

• update golang to 1.23
• delete current go.work* files
• init go work files go work init

Depends-On: openstack-k8s-operators/install_yamls#1080
Depends-On: openstack-k8s-operators/openstack-operator#1564

Jira: OSPRH-12935

[openshift-ci]

[APPROVALNOTIFIER] This PR is APPROVED

This pull-request has been approved by: stuggi

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[softwarefactory-project-zuul]

This change depends on a change that failed to merge.

Change openstack-k8s-operators/openstack-operator#1564 is needed.

[openshift-ci]

@stuggi: The following tests failed, say /retest to rerun all failed tests or /retest-required to rerun all mandatory failed tests:

Test name	Commit	Details	Required	Rerun command
ci/prow/functional	6d4788b	link	true	/test functional
ci/prow/infra-operator-build-deploy-kuttl	6d4788b	link	true	/test infra-operator-build-deploy-kuttl
ci/prow/precommit-check	6d4788b	link	true	/test precommit-check
ci/prow/images	6d4788b	link	true	/test images

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[stuggi]

closing in favor of #428