When you ask an LLM to "review this design," what you usually get back is abstract advice — "consider edge cases," "add monitoring," "watch for race conditions." Each item is technically true and almost completely useless. There's nothing to act on, no metric to alert against, no specific scenario to test.
The 5-failure-dimension frame is what we use instead. It demands that every review cover all five dimensions below, with at least 2 concrete failure scenarios in each, and that each scenario specify a TRIGGER, an IMPACT, and a DETECTABILITY window. That structure forces findings to be actionable: each one can be written up as a Jira ticket without further interpretation.
- Hidden assumptions — what does this design rely on that isn't written down (ordering, uniqueness, atomicity, data freshness, caller behavior)?
- Dependency failures — what happens when an upstream or downstream component degrades, not just goes down?
- Boundary inputs — empty, huge, malformed, malicious; what does the design do at p99 and at malicious-percentile inputs?
- Misuse paths — what happens if humans (callers, users, operators) don't follow the plan?
- Rollback & blast radius — how do you recover when something goes wrong, and how big is the damage if it does?
Most existing review frames either focus too narrowly (OWASP — only security) or only fire after deploy (SRE Four Golden Signals — operational health). The 5-dimension frame is built for the pre-deploy moment: the design is written, the code isn't shipped yet, and you want to know what's about to bite you.
We landed on 5 by collapsing earlier versions that had 7 (compliance and observability ended up co-occurring with the existing 5 in practice, so they got merged in). If your domain genuinely needs more dimensions — regulated industries with explicit compliance requirements, for instance — fork the prompt. It's CC0 specifically for that.
- The walkthrough — Chapter 02 is the hands-on chapter that shows the frame applied. Start there if you're new.
- The full essay —
02-the-five-frame/frame.mdhas the deeper version, including a calibration rubric and concrete examples of good vs bad findings. - The prompt itself —
prompts/system-prompt.mdis the artifact (CC0 — copy it anywhere you want). - Why three models, not two? — see
why-three-not-two.mdfor the reasoning behind the model count.
