Add test for chained static call with never-returning argument

Add a test case where a static call with a never-returning argument
is chained to a method call, testing the interaction between
StaticCallHandler and MethodCallHandler isAlwaysTerminating propagation.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

Author: phpstan-bot

tests/PHPStan/Rules/DeadCode/UnreachableStatementRuleTest.php

@@ -380,11 +380,15 @@ public function testBug14328(): void
 		$this->analyse([__DIR__ . '/data/bug-14328.php'], [
 			[
 				'Unreachable statement - code above always terminates.',
-				21,
+				25,
 			],
 			[
 				'Unreachable statement - code above always terminates.',
-				27,
+				31,
+			],
+			[
+				'Unreachable statement - code above always terminates.',
+				37,
 			],
 		]);
 	}

tests/PHPStan/Rules/DeadCode/data/bug-14328.php

@@ -8,6 +8,10 @@ class Foo {
 	public function returnThis(mixed $value): self {
 		return $this;
 	}
+
+	public static function staticReturnSelf(mixed $value): self {
+		return new self();
+	}
 }
 
 class Bar {
@@ -26,3 +30,9 @@ function testStaticCall(): void {
 	Bar::doSomething($callback());
 	$b = 'this will never run';
 }
+
+function testStaticCallChained(): void {
+	$callback = fn (): never => throw new \Exception();
+	$a = Foo::staticReturnSelf($callback())->returnThis('x');
+	$b = 'this will never run either';
+}