restful_utils.c

/*
 * Copyright (C) 2019 Intel Corporation.  All rights reserved.
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
 */

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdio.h>

#include "bi-inc/shared_utils.h"

/* Serialization of request and response message
 *
 * Choices:
 * We considered a few options:
 * 1. coap
 * 2. flatbuffer
 * 3. cbor
 * 4. attr-containers of our own
 * 5. customized serialization for request/response
 *
 * Now we choose the #5 mainly because we need to quickly get the URL for dispatching
 * and sometimes we want to change the URL in the original packet. the request format:
 * fixed part: version: (1 byte), code (1 byte), fmt(2 byte), mid (4 bytes), sender_id(4 bytes),  url_len(2 bytes), payload_len(4bytes)
 * dynamic part: url (bytes in url_len), payload
 *
 * response format:
 * fixed part: (1 byte), code (1 byte), fmt(2 byte), mid (4 bytes), sender_id(4 bytes),   payload_len(4bytes)
 * dynamic part: payload
 */
#define REQUES_PACKET_VER 1
#define REQUEST_PACKET_FIX_PART_LEN 18
#define REQUEST_PACKET_URL_OFFSET REQUEST_PACKET_FIX_PART_LEN
#define REQUEST_PACKET_URL_LEN  *((uint16*)( (char*) buffer + 12)))   //!!! to ensure little endian
#define REQUEST_PACKET_PAYLOAD_LEN *((uint32*)( (char*) buffer + 14)))   //!!! to ensure little endian
#define REQUEST_PACKET_URL(buffer) ((char*) buffer + REQUEST_PACKET_URL_OFFSET)
#define REQUEST_PACKET_PAYLOAD(buffer)  ((char*) buffer + REQUEST_PACKET_URL_OFFSET + REQUEST_PACKET_URL_LEN(buffer))

#define RESPONSE_PACKET_FIX_PART_LEN 16

char * pack_request(request_t *request, int * size)
{
    int url_len = strlen(request->url) + 1;
    int len = REQUEST_PACKET_FIX_PART_LEN + url_len + request->payload_len;
    char * packet = (char*) WA_MALLOC(len);
    if (packet == NULL)
        return NULL;

    // TODO: ensure little endian for words and dwords
    *packet = REQUES_PACKET_VER;
    *((uint8*) (packet + 1)) = request->action;
    *((uint16*) (packet + 2)) = htons(request->fmt);
    *((uint32*) (packet + 4)) = htonl(request->mid);
    *((uint32*) (packet + 8)) = htonl(request->sender);
    *((uint16*) (packet + 12)) = htons(url_len);
    *((uint32*) (packet + 14)) = htonl(request->payload_len);
    strcpy(packet + REQUEST_PACKET_URL_OFFSET, request->url);
    memcpy(packet + REQUEST_PACKET_URL_OFFSET + url_len, request->payload,
            request->payload_len);

    *size = len;
    return packet;
}

void free_req_resp_packet(char * packet)
{
    WA_FREE(packet);
}

request_t * unpack_request(char * packet, int size, request_t * request)
{
    if (*packet != REQUES_PACKET_VER) {
        return NULL;
    }
    if (size < REQUEST_PACKET_FIX_PART_LEN) {
        return NULL;
    }
    uint16 url_len = ntohs(*((uint16*) (packet + 12)));
    uint32 payload_len = ntohl(*((uint32*) (packet + 14)));

    if (size != ( REQUEST_PACKET_FIX_PART_LEN + url_len + payload_len)) {
        return NULL;
    }
    if (*(packet + REQUEST_PACKET_FIX_PART_LEN + url_len - 1) != 0) {
        return NULL;
    }

    request->action = *((uint8*) (packet + 1));
    request->fmt = ntohs(*((uint16*) (packet + 2)));
    request->mid = ntohl(*((uint32*) (packet + 4)));
    request->sender = ntohl(*((uint32*) (packet + 8)));
    request->payload_len = payload_len;
    request->url = REQUEST_PACKET_URL(packet);
    if (payload_len > 0)
        request->payload = packet + REQUEST_PACKET_URL_OFFSET + url_len;
    else
        request->payload = NULL;

    return request;
}

char * pack_response(response_t *response, int * size)
{
    int len = RESPONSE_PACKET_FIX_PART_LEN + response->payload_len;
    char * packet = (char*) WA_MALLOC(len);
    if (packet == NULL)
        return NULL;

    // TODO: ensure little endian for words and dwords
    *packet = REQUES_PACKET_VER;
    *((uint8*) (packet + 1)) = response->status;
    *((uint16*) (packet + 2)) = htons(response->fmt);
    *((uint32*) (packet + 4)) = htonl(response->mid);
    *((uint32*) (packet + 8)) = htonl(response->reciever);
    *((uint32*) (packet + 12)) = htonl(response->payload_len);
    memcpy(packet + RESPONSE_PACKET_FIX_PART_LEN, response->payload,
            response->payload_len);

    *size = len;
    return packet;
}

response_t * unpack_response(char * packet, int size, response_t * response)
{
    if (*packet != REQUES_PACKET_VER)
        return NULL;
    if (size < RESPONSE_PACKET_FIX_PART_LEN)
        return NULL;
    uint32 payload_len = ntohl(*((uint32*) (packet + 12)));
    if (size != ( RESPONSE_PACKET_FIX_PART_LEN + payload_len))
        return NULL;

    response->status = *((uint8*) (packet + 1));
    response->fmt = ntohs(*((uint16*) (packet + 2)));
    response->mid = ntohl(*((uint32*) (packet + 4)));
    response->reciever = ntohl(*((uint32*) (packet + 8)));
    response->payload_len = payload_len;
    if (payload_len > 0)
        response->payload = packet + RESPONSE_PACKET_FIX_PART_LEN;
    else
        response->payload = NULL;

    return response;
}

request_t *clone_request(request_t *request)
{
    /* deep clone */
    request_t *req = (request_t *) WA_MALLOC(sizeof(request_t));
    if (req == NULL)
        return NULL;

    memset(req, 0, sizeof(*req));
    req->action = request->action;
    req->fmt = request->fmt;
    req->url = wa_strdup(request->url);
    req->sender = request->sender;
    req->mid = request->mid;

    if (req->url == NULL)
        goto fail;

    req->payload_len = request->payload_len;

    if (request->payload_len) {
        req->payload = (char *) WA_MALLOC(request->payload_len);
        if (!req->payload)
            goto fail;
        memcpy(req->payload, request->payload, request->payload_len);
    } else {
        // when payload_len is 0, the payload may be used for carrying some handle or integer
        req->payload = request->payload;
    }

    return req;

fail:
    request_cleaner(req);
    return NULL;
}

void request_cleaner(request_t *request)
{
    if (request->url != NULL)
        WA_FREE(request->url);
    if (request->payload != NULL && request->payload_len > 0)
        WA_FREE(request->payload);

    WA_FREE(request);
}

void response_cleaner(response_t * response)
{
    if (response->payload != NULL && response->payload_len > 0)
        WA_FREE(response->payload);

    WA_FREE(response);
}

response_t * clone_response(response_t * response)
{
    response_t *clone = (response_t *) WA_MALLOC(sizeof(response_t));
    if (clone == NULL)
        return NULL;

    memset(clone, 0, sizeof(*clone));
    clone->fmt = response->fmt;
    clone->mid = response->mid;
    clone->status = response->status;
    clone->reciever = response->reciever;
    clone->payload_len = response->payload_len;
    if (clone->payload_len) {
        clone->payload = (char *) WA_MALLOC(response->payload_len);
        if (!clone->payload)
            goto fail;
        memcpy(clone->payload, response->payload, response->payload_len);
    } else {
        // when payload_len is 0, the payload may be used for carrying some handle or integer
        clone->payload = response->payload;
    }
    return clone;

fail:
    response_cleaner(clone);
    return NULL;
}

response_t * set_response(response_t * response, int status, int fmt,
        const char *payload, int payload_len)
{
    response->payload = (void *)payload;
    response->payload_len = payload_len;
    response->status = status;
    response->fmt = fmt;
    return response;
}

response_t * make_response_for_request(request_t * request,
        response_t * response)
{
    response->mid = request->mid;
    response->reciever = request->sender;

    return response;
}

request_t * init_request(request_t * request, char *url, int action, int fmt,
        void *payload, int payload_len)
{
    static unsigned int mid = 0;
    request->url = url;
    request->action = action;
    request->fmt = fmt;
    request->payload = payload;
    request->payload_len = payload_len;
    request->mid = ++mid;

    return request;
}

/*
 check if the "url" is starting with "leading_str"
 return: 0 - not match; >0 - the offset of matched url, include any "/" at the end
 notes:
 1. it ensures the leading_str "/abc" can pass "/abc/cde" and "/abc/, but fail "/ab" and "/abcd".
 leading_str "/abc/" can pass "/abc"
 2. it omit the '/' at the first char
 3. it ensure the leading_str "/abc" can pass "/abc?cde
 */

int check_url_start(const char* url, int url_len, const char * leading_str)
{
    int offset = 0;
    if (*leading_str == '/')
        leading_str++;
    if (url_len > 0 && *url == '/') {
        url_len--;
        url++;
        offset++;
    }

    int len = strlen(leading_str);
    if (len == 0)
        return 0;

    // ensure leading_str not end with "/"
    if (leading_str[len - 1] == '/') {
        len--;
        if (len == 0)
            return 0;
    }

    // equal length
    if (url_len == len) {
        if (memcmp(url, leading_str, url_len) == 0) {
            return (offset + len);
        } else {
            return 0;
        }
    }

    if (url_len < len)
        return 0;

    else if (memcmp(url, leading_str, len) != 0)
        return 0;

    else if (url[len] != '/' && url[len] != '?')
        return 0;
    else
        return (offset + len + 1);
}

// * @pattern:
// * sample 1: /abcd, match /abcd only
// * sample 2: /abcd/ match match "/abcd" and "/abcd/*"
// * sample 3: /abcd*, match any url started with "/abcd"
// * sample 4: /abcd/*, exclude "/abcd"

bool match_url(char * pattern, char * matched)
{
    if (*pattern == '/')
        pattern++;
    if (*matched == '/')
        matched++;

    int matched_len = strlen(matched);
    if (matched_len == 0)
        return false;

    if (matched[matched_len - 1] == '/') {
        matched_len--;
        if (matched_len == 0)
            return false;
    }

    int len = strlen(pattern);
    if (len == 0)
        return false;

    if (pattern[len - 1] == '/') {
        len--;
        if (strncmp(pattern, matched, len) != 0)
            return false;

        if (len == matched_len)
            return true;

        if (matched_len > len && matched[len] == '/')
            return true;

        return false;

    } else if (pattern[len - 1] == '*') {
        if (pattern[len - 2] == '/') {
            if (strncmp(pattern, matched, len - 1) == 0)
                return true;

            else
                return false;
        } else {
            return (strncmp(pattern, matched, len - 1) == 0);
        }
    } else {
        return (strcmp(pattern, matched) == 0);
    }
}

/*
 * get the value of the key from following format buffer:
 *  key1=value1;key2=value2;key3=value3
 */
char * find_key_value(char * buffer, int buffer_len, char * key, char * value,
        int value_len, char delimiter)
{
    char * p = buffer;
    int remaining = buffer_len;
    int key_len = strlen(key);

    while (*p != 0 && remaining > 0) {
        while (*p == ' ' || *p == delimiter) {
            p++;
            remaining--;
        }

        if (remaining <= key_len)
            return NULL;

        // find the key
        if (0 == strncmp(p, key, key_len) && p[key_len] == '=') {
            p += (key_len + 1);
            remaining -= (key_len + 1);
            char * v = value;
            memset(value, 0, value_len);
            value_len--;  // ensure last char is 0
            while (*p != delimiter && remaining > 0 && value_len > 0) {
                *v++ = *p++;
                remaining--;
                value_len--;
            }
            return value;
        }

        // goto next key
        while (*p != delimiter && remaining > 0) {
            p++;
            remaining--;
        }
    }

    return NULL;
}