Add recreate subcommand to ctrl.sh

Builds and force-recreates containers in one step, avoiding stale
container issues when image contents change. Update CLAUDE.md with
new deployment workflow.

Author: Nils Bars

.claude/CLAUDE.md

@@ -24,12 +24,12 @@ The test infrastructure (`tests/helpers/ref_instance.py`) automatically sets thi
 ./ctrl.sh build
 
 # Start services
-# For development, always use --debug and --hot-reloading:
-#   --debug         enables Flask debug mode and verbose logging
-#   --hot-reloading enables Flask auto-reload and runs the spa-frontend
-#                   under `vite dev` (Vite HMR) instead of a static build
-./ctrl.sh up --debug --hot-reloading
-./ctrl.sh up                            # production-style start, no HMR
+./ctrl.sh up --debug                    # debug mode, no HMR
+
+# Rebuild and recreate specific services (e.g. after code changes):
+./ctrl.sh recreate frontend-proxy      # SPA changes
+./ctrl.sh recreate web                  # webapp changes
+./ctrl.sh recreate frontend-proxy web   # both
 
 # Stop services
 ./ctrl.sh stop              # Keep containers
@@ -209,6 +209,10 @@ Client (ssh exercise@host -p 2222)
 - `/data/ssh-proxy/` - SSH proxy state
 - `/data/log/` - Application logs
 
+## Data Directory
+
+Never create, edit, or delete files under `data/` unless explicitly asked by the user. This directory contains live exercise definitions, student data, and database files. The exercise import path is configured in `settings.yaml` (default: `ref/exercises`).
+
 ## Code Comments
 
 - Do not reference line numbers in comments (e.g., "see ssh.py lines 397-404"). Line numbers change frequently and become outdated. Reference functions, classes, or use direct code references instead.

ctrl.sh

@@ -75,6 +75,11 @@ Commands:
   restart
       Restart all services (disconnects currently connected users).
 
+  recreate [SERVICE...]
+      Rebuild and recreate containers from the new images. Use this
+      instead of restart when image contents changed (e.g. SPA or
+      webapp code).
+
   restart-web
       Restart only the web interface (users stay connected via SSH).
 
@@ -349,7 +354,7 @@ function build {
     (
         info "=> Building docker base image"
         cd 'ref-docker-base'
-        ./build.sh "$@"
+        ./build.sh
     )
     (
         info "=> Building release container"
@@ -454,6 +459,11 @@ function restart {
     execute_cmd $DOCKER_COMPOSE --env-file $ENV_SETTINGS_FILE -p ref restart "$@"
 }
 
+function recreate {
+    execute_cmd $DOCKER_COMPOSE --env-file $ENV_SETTINGS_FILE -p ref build "$@"
+    execute_cmd $DOCKER_COMPOSE --env-file $ENV_SETTINGS_FILE -p ref up -d --force-recreate "$@"
+}
+
 function ps {
     execute_cmd $DOCKER_COMPOSE --env-file $ENV_SETTINGS_FILE -p ref ps "$@"
 }
@@ -503,6 +513,9 @@ case "$cmd" in
     restart)
         restart "$@"
     ;;
+    recreate)
+        recreate "$@"
+    ;;
     restart-web)
         restart web "$@"
     ;;