diff --git a/lib/graphql/dataloader/active_record_association_source.rb b/lib/graphql/dataloader/active_record_association_source.rb
index 9f87793e6fc..6a3745b46e8 100644
--- a/lib/graphql/dataloader/active_record_association_source.rb
+++ b/lib/graphql/dataloader/active_record_association_source.rb
@@ -12,6 +12,14 @@ def initialize(association, scope = nil)
         @scope = scope
       end
 
+      def self.batch_key_for(association, scope = nil)
+        if scope
+          [association, scope.to_sql]
+        else
+          [association]
+        end
+      end
+
       def load(record)
         if (assoc = record.association(@association)).loaded?
           assoc.target
@@ -41,17 +49,17 @@ def fetch(records)
         ::ActiveRecord::Associations::Preloader.new(records: records, associations: @association, available_records: available_records, scope: @scope).call
 
         loaded_associated_records = records.map { |r| r.public_send(@association) }
-        records_by_model = {}
-        loaded_associated_records.each do |record|
-          if record
-            updates = records_by_model[record.class] ||= {}
-            updates[record.id] = record
-          end
-        end
 
         if @scope.nil?
           # Don't cache records loaded via scope because they might have reduced `SELECT`s
           # Could check .select_values here?
+          records_by_model = {}
+          loaded_associated_records.flatten.each do |record|
+            if record
+              updates = records_by_model[record.class] ||= {}
+              updates[record.id] = record
+            end
+          end
           records_by_model.each do |model_class, updates|
             dataloader.with(RECORD_SOURCE_CLASS, model_class).merge(updates)
           end
diff --git a/spec/graphql/dataloader/active_record_association_source_spec.rb b/spec/graphql/dataloader/active_record_association_source_spec.rb
index 1ee764702a6..cdf761183ba 100644
--- a/spec/graphql/dataloader/active_record_association_source_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/graphql/dataloader/active_record_association_source_spec.rb
@@ -106,6 +106,56 @@
       assert_equal ::Band.find(1), vulfpeck
     end
 
+    it_dataloads "works with collection associations" do |d|
+      wilco = ::Band.find(4)
+      chon = ::Band.find(3)
+      albums_by_band = nil
+      log = with_active_record_log(colorize: false) do
+        albums_by_band = d.with(GraphQL::Dataloader::ActiveRecordAssociationSource, :albums).load_all([wilco, chon])
+      end
+
+      assert_equal [[6], [4, 5]], albums_by_band.map { |al| al.map(&:id) }
+      assert_includes log, 'SELECT "albums".* FROM "albums" WHERE "albums"."band_id" IN (?, ?)  [["band_id", 4], ["band_id", 3]]'
+
+      albums = nil
+      log = with_active_record_log(colorize: false) do
+        albums = d.with(GraphQL::Dataloader::ActiveRecordSource, Album).load_all([3,4,5,6])
+      end
+
+      assert_equal [3,4,5,6], albums.map(&:id)
+      assert_includes log, 'WHERE "albums"."id" = ?  [["id", 3]]'
+    end
+
+    it_dataloads "works with collection associations with scope" do |d|
+      wilco = ::Band.find(4)
+      chon = ::Band.find(3)
+      albums_by_band = nil
+      one_month_ago = nil
+      log = with_active_record_log(colorize: false) do
+        one_month_ago = 1.month.ago.end_of_day
+        albums_by_band_1 = d.with(GraphQL::Dataloader::ActiveRecordAssociationSource, :albums, Album.where("created_at >= ?", one_month_ago)).request(wilco)
+        albums_by_band_2 = d.with(GraphQL::Dataloader::ActiveRecordAssociationSource, :albums, Album.where("created_at >= ?", one_month_ago)).request(chon)
+        albums_by_band = [albums_by_band_1.load, albums_by_band_2.load]
+      end
+
+      assert_equal [[6], [4, 5]], albums_by_band.map { |al| al.map(&:id) }
+      expected_log = if Rails::VERSION::STRING > "8"
+        'SELECT "albums".* FROM "albums" WHERE (created_at >= ?) AND "albums"."band_id" IN (?, ?)'
+      else
+        'SELECT "albums".* FROM "albums" WHERE (created_at >= ' + one_month_ago.utc.strftime("'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%6N'") + ') AND "albums"."band_id" IN (?, ?)'
+      end
+
+      assert_includes log, expected_log
+
+      albums = nil
+      log = with_active_record_log(colorize: false) do
+        albums = d.with(GraphQL::Dataloader::ActiveRecordSource, Album).load_all([3,4,5,6])
+      end
+
+      assert_equal [3,4,5,6], albums.map(&:id)
+      assert_includes log, 'WHERE "albums"."id" IN (?, ?, ?, ?)  [["id", 3], ["id", 4], ["id", 5], ["id", 6]]'
+    end
+
     if Rails::VERSION::STRING > "7.1" # not supported in <7.1
       it_dataloads "loads with composite primary keys and warms the cache" do |d|
         my_first_car = ::Album.find(2)
diff --git a/spec/support/active_record_setup.rb b/spec/support/active_record_setup.rb
index 1ddd752f843..db8ff54d673 100644
--- a/spec/support/active_record_setup.rb
+++ b/spec/support/active_record_setup.rb
@@ -70,6 +70,7 @@
       t.integer :band_id
       t.string :band_name
       t.integer :band_genre
+      t.timestamps
     end
 
     create_table :books do |t|