diff --git a/library/timeout/timeout_spec.rb b/library/timeout/timeout_spec.rb
index 584b38d8ec..e16bcaea6a 100644
--- a/library/timeout/timeout_spec.rb
+++ b/library/timeout/timeout_spec.rb
@@ -39,4 +39,12 @@
       42
     end.should == 42
   end
+
+  ruby_version_is "3.4" do
+    it "raises an ArgumentError when provided with a negative duration" do
+      -> {
+        Timeout.timeout(-1)
+      }.should raise_error(ArgumentError, "Timeout sec must be a non-negative number")
+    end
+  end
 end