native gem compilation fails on macOS with Ruby 4.0.0

[mscrivo]

Trying to upgrade to Ruby 4 and hitting this error when installing this gem:

Installing code_ownership 2.1.0 with native extensions
Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    (<unknown>): found character that cannot start any token while scanning for the next token at line 1 column 10

Gem files will remain installed in /Users/mscrivo/.local/share/mise/installs/ruby/4.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/4.0.0/gems/code_ownership-2.1.0 for inspection.
Results logged to /Users/mscrivo/.local/share/mise/installs/ruby/4.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/4.0.0/extensions/arm64-darwin-25/4.0.0/code_ownership-2.1.0/gem_make.out

  /Users/mscrivo/.local/share/mise/installs/ruby/4.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/4.0.0/gems/psych-5.3.1/lib/psych/parser.rb:62:in 'Psych::Parser#_native_parse'
  /Users/mscrivo/.local/share/mise/installs/ruby/4.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/4.0.0/gems/psych-5.3.1/lib/psych/parser.rb:62:in 'Psych::Parser#parse'
  /Users/mscrivo/.local/share/mise/installs/ruby/4.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/4.0.0/gems/psych-5.3.1/lib/psych.rb:457:in 'Psych.parse_stream'
  /Users/mscrivo/.local/share/mise/installs/ruby/4.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/4.0.0/gems/psych-5.3.1/lib/psych.rb:401:in 'Psych.parse'
  /Users/mscrivo/.local/share/mise/installs/ruby/4.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/4.0.0/gems/psych-5.3.1/lib/psych.rb:324:in 'Psych.safe_load'
  /Users/mscrivo/.local/share/mise/installs/ruby/4.0.0/lib/ruby/4.0.0/rubygems/safe_yaml.rb:38:in 'Gem::SafeYAML.safe_load'
  /Users/mscrivo/.local/share/mise/installs/ruby/4.0.0/lib/ruby/4.0.0/rubygems/ext/cargo_builder.rb:233:in 'Gem::Ext::CargoBuilder#cargo_crate_name'
  /Users/mscrivo/.local/share/mise/installs/ruby/4.0.0/lib/ruby/4.0.0/rubygems/ext/cargo_builder.rb:29:in 'Gem::Ext::CargoBuilder#build'
  /Users/mscrivo/.local/share/mise/installs/ruby/4.0.0/lib/ruby/4.0.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:221:in 'Gem::Ext::Builder#build_extension'
  /Users/mscrivo/.local/share/mise/installs/ruby/4.0.0/lib/ruby/4.0.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:255:in 'block in Gem::Ext::Builder#build_extensions'
  /Users/mscrivo/.local/share/mise/installs/ruby/4.0.0/lib/ruby/4.0.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:252:in 'Array#each'
  /Users/mscrivo/.local/share/mise/installs/ruby/4.0.0/lib/ruby/4.0.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:252:in 'Gem::Ext::Builder#build_extensions'
  /Users/mscrivo/.local/share/mise/installs/ruby/4.0.0/lib/ruby/4.0.0/rubygems/installer.rb:809:in 'Gem::Installer#build_extensions'
  /Users/mscrivo/.local/share/mise/installs/ruby/4.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/4.0.0/gems/bundler-4.0.3/lib/bundler/rubygems_gem_installer.rb:115:in 'Bundler::RubyGemsGemInstaller#build_extensions'
  /Users/mscrivo/.local/share/mise/installs/ruby/4.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/4.0.0/gems/bundler-4.0.3/lib/bundler/rubygems_gem_installer.rb:30:in 'Bundler::RubyGemsGemInstaller#install'
  /Users/mscrivo/.local/share/mise/installs/ruby/4.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/4.0.0/gems/bundler-4.0.3/lib/bundler/source/rubygems.rb:217:in 'block in Bundler::Source::Rubygems#install'
  /Users/mscrivo/.local/share/mise/installs/ruby/4.0.0/lib/ruby/4.0.0/rubygems.rb:1051:in 'Gem.time'
  /Users/mscrivo/.local/share/mise/installs/ruby/4.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/4.0.0/gems/bundler-4.0.3/lib/bundler/source/rubygems.rb:216:in 'Bundler::Source::Rubygems#install'
  /Users/mscrivo/.local/share/mise/installs/ruby/4.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/4.0.0/gems/bundler-4.0.3/lib/bundler/installer/gem_installer.rb:54:in 'Bundler::GemInstaller#install'
  /Users/mscrivo/.local/share/mise/installs/ruby/4.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/4.0.0/gems/bundler-4.0.3/lib/bundler/installer/gem_installer.rb:17:in 'Bundler::GemInstaller#install_from_spec'
  /Users/mscrivo/.local/share/mise/installs/ruby/4.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/4.0.0/gems/bundler-4.0.3/lib/bundler/installer/parallel_installer.rb:133:in 'Bundler::ParallelInstaller#do_install'
  /Users/mscrivo/.local/share/mise/installs/ruby/4.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/4.0.0/gems/bundler-4.0.3/lib/bundler/installer/parallel_installer.rb:124:in 'block in Bundler::ParallelInstaller#worker_pool'
  /Users/mscrivo/.local/share/mise/installs/ruby/4.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/4.0.0/gems/bundler-4.0.3/lib/bundler/worker.rb:62:in 'Bundler::Worker#apply_func'
  /Users/mscrivo/.local/share/mise/installs/ruby/4.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/4.0.0/gems/bundler-4.0.3/lib/bundler/worker.rb:57:in 'block in Bundler::Worker#process_queue'
  /Users/mscrivo/.local/share/mise/installs/ruby/4.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/4.0.0/gems/bundler-4.0.3/lib/bundler/worker.rb:54:in 'Kernel#loop'
  /Users/mscrivo/.local/share/mise/installs/ruby/4.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/4.0.0/gems/bundler-4.0.3/lib/bundler/worker.rb:54:in 'Bundler::Worker#process_queue'
  /Users/mscrivo/.local/share/mise/installs/ruby/4.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/4.0.0/gems/bundler-4.0.3/lib/bundler/worker.rb:90:in 'block (2 levels) in Bundler::Worker#create_threads'

An error occurred while installing code_ownership (2.1.0), and Bundler cannot continue.

This is on macOS 26.2, I have yet to verify if it happens on other platforms.

[ivy]

Hey! I just merged in #152 -- could you give it a try and let us know if you run into any issues? (Will cut a release soon.)

[mscrivo]

@ivy works great! thanks!

[mscrivo]

actually spoke too soon, it's working on mac, but not on aarch64 linux (in docker using trixie-slim), getting a different error now:

147.4 Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.
147.4 
147.4     cargo metadata failed No such file or directory - cargo
147.4 
147.4 Gem files will remain installed in
147.4 /home/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/4.0.0/bundler/gems/code_ownership-e771bcb1a475
147.4 for inspection.
147.4 Results logged to
147.4 /home/app/vendor/bundle/ruby/4.0.0/bundler/gems/extensions/aarch64-linux/4.0.0/code_ownership-e771bcb1a475/gem_make.out
147.4 
147.4 /usr/local/lib/ruby/4.0.0/rubygems/ext/cargo_builder.rb:210:in
147.4 'Gem::Ext::CargoBuilder#cargo_crate_name'
147.4 /usr/local/lib/ruby/4.0.0/rubygems/ext/cargo_builder.rb:29:in
147.4 'Gem::Ext::CargoBuilder#build'
147.4 /usr/local/lib/ruby/4.0.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:221:in
147.4 'Gem::Ext::Builder#build_extension'
147.4 /usr/local/lib/ruby/4.0.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:255:in 'block in
147.4 Gem::Ext::Builder#build_extensions'
147.4   /usr/local/lib/ruby/4.0.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:252:in 'Array#each'
147.4 /usr/local/lib/ruby/4.0.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:252:in
147.4 'Gem::Ext::Builder#build_extensions'
147.4 /usr/local/lib/ruby/4.0.0/rubygems/installer.rb:809:in
147.4 'Gem::Installer#build_extensions'
147.4 /usr/local/lib/ruby/4.0.0/bundler/rubygems_gem_installer.rb:115:in
147.4 'Bundler::RubyGemsGemInstaller#build_extensions'
147.4 /usr/local/lib/ruby/4.0.0/bundler/source/path/installer.rb:28:in
147.4 'Bundler::Source::Path::Installer#post_install'
147.4 /usr/local/lib/ruby/4.0.0/bundler/source/path.rb:239:in
147.4 'Bundler::Source::Path#generate_bin'
147.4 /usr/local/lib/ruby/4.0.0/bundler/source/git.rb:212:in
147.4 'Bundler::Source::Git#install'
147.4 /usr/local/lib/ruby/4.0.0/bundler/installer/gem_installer.rb:54:in
147.4 'Bundler::GemInstaller#install'
147.4 /usr/local/lib/ruby/4.0.0/bundler/installer/gem_installer.rb:17:in
147.4 'Bundler::GemInstaller#install_from_spec'
147.4 /usr/local/lib/ruby/4.0.0/bundler/installer/parallel_installer.rb:133:in
147.4 'Bundler::ParallelInstaller#do_install'
147.4 /usr/local/lib/ruby/4.0.0/bundler/installer/parallel_installer.rb:124:in
147.4 'block in Bundler::ParallelInstaller#worker_pool'
147.4   /usr/local/lib/ruby/4.0.0/bundler/worker.rb:62:in 'Bundler::Worker#apply_func'
147.4 /usr/local/lib/ruby/4.0.0/bundler/worker.rb:57:in 'block in
147.4 Bundler::Worker#process_queue'
147.4   /usr/local/lib/ruby/4.0.0/bundler/worker.rb:54:in 'Kernel#loop'
147.4 /usr/local/lib/ruby/4.0.0/bundler/worker.rb:54:in
147.4 'Bundler::Worker#process_queue'
147.4 /usr/local/lib/ruby/4.0.0/bundler/worker.rb:90:in 'block (2 levels) in
147.4 Bundler::Worker#create_threads'
147.4 
147.4 An error occurred while installing code_ownership (2.1.0), and Bundler cannot
147.4 continue.```

[mscrivo]

actually I think this is because I'm pointing to master and so the native gems are not available, so have to be compiled, but I don't have cargo available in the docker image. Hopefully, it will all work fine once a new gem is published.

[mscrivo]

@ivy sorry to bother you, but any chance for a new release soonish? This is the only gem blocking us from upgrading to ruby 4