Auto merge of #155487 - ShoyuVanilla:canon-ph, r=lcnr

Canonicalize free regions from inputs as placeholders in root univ



Context: The box named *coroutine witness Send lifetime requirements now considered by leakcheck* [this roadmap](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/hexcatnl/roadmap/e380fef94b47c02a056b4c8f05124a9db475b990/next-solver.svg)

Fixes (only for the next-solver) #106569 
Prerequisite of #155749

Author: bors

compiler/rustc_next_trait_solver/src/canonical/canonicalizer.rs

@@ -410,14 +410,22 @@ impl<D: SolverDelegate<Interner = I>, I: Interner> TypeFolder<I> for Canonicaliz
     }
 
     fn fold_region(&mut self, r: I::Region) -> I::Region {
+        // We canonicalize free regions from the input into placeholder regions so that
+        // region constraints created in nested contexts can be propagated back to the
+        // caller, instead of unifying them.
+        // See the following Zulip discussion for details:
+        // https://rust-lang.zulipchat.com/#narrow/channel/364551-t-types.2Ftrait-system-refactor/topic/A.20question.20on.20.23251/near/579240238
         let kind = match r.kind() {
             ty::ReBound(..) => return r,
 
             // We don't canonicalize `ReStatic` in the `param_env` as we use it
             // when checking whether a `ParamEnv` candidate is global.
             ty::ReStatic => match self.canonicalize_mode {
                 CanonicalizeMode::Input(CanonicalizeInputKind::Predicate) => {
-                    CanonicalVarKind::Region(ty::UniverseIndex::ROOT)
+                    CanonicalVarKind::PlaceholderRegion(ty::PlaceholderRegion::new_anon(
+                        ty::UniverseIndex::ROOT,
+                        self.variables.len().into(),
+                    ))
                 }
                 CanonicalizeMode::Input(CanonicalizeInputKind::ParamEnv)
                 | CanonicalizeMode::Response { .. } => return r,
@@ -431,24 +439,41 @@ impl<D: SolverDelegate<Interner = I>, I: Interner> TypeFolder<I> for Canonicaliz
             // `ReErased`. We may be able to short-circuit registering region
             // obligations if we encounter a `ReErased` on one side, for example.
             ty::ReErased | ty::ReError(_) => match self.canonicalize_mode {
-                CanonicalizeMode::Input(_) => CanonicalVarKind::Region(ty::UniverseIndex::ROOT),
+                CanonicalizeMode::Input(_) => {
+                    CanonicalVarKind::PlaceholderRegion(ty::PlaceholderRegion::new_anon(
+                        ty::UniverseIndex::ROOT,
+                        self.variables.len().into(),
+                    ))
+                }
                 CanonicalizeMode::Response { .. } => return r,
             },
 
             ty::ReEarlyParam(_) | ty::ReLateParam(_) => match self.canonicalize_mode {
-                CanonicalizeMode::Input(_) => CanonicalVarKind::Region(ty::UniverseIndex::ROOT),
+                CanonicalizeMode::Input(_) => {
+                    CanonicalVarKind::PlaceholderRegion(ty::PlaceholderRegion::new_anon(
+                        ty::UniverseIndex::ROOT,
+                        self.variables.len().into(),
+                    ))
+                }
                 CanonicalizeMode::Response { .. } => {
                     panic!("unexpected region in response: {r:?}")
                 }
             },
 
             ty::RePlaceholder(placeholder) => match self.canonicalize_mode {
-                // We canonicalize placeholder regions as existentials in query inputs.
-                CanonicalizeMode::Input(_) => CanonicalVarKind::Region(ty::UniverseIndex::ROOT),
+                CanonicalizeMode::Input(_) => {
+                    CanonicalVarKind::PlaceholderRegion(ty::PlaceholderRegion::new_anon(
+                        ty::UniverseIndex::ROOT,
+                        self.variables.len().into(),
+                    ))
+                }
                 CanonicalizeMode::Response { max_input_universe } => {
                     // If we have a placeholder region inside of a query, it must be from
-                    // a new universe.
-                    if max_input_universe.can_name(placeholder.universe()) {
+                    // a new universe, unless from the root universe, which is used for
+                    // canonicalization of any free region from the input.
+                    if placeholder.universe() != ty::UniverseIndex::ROOT
+                        && max_input_universe.can_name(placeholder.universe())
+                    {
                         panic!("new placeholder in universe {max_input_universe:?}: {r:?}");
                     }
                     CanonicalVarKind::PlaceholderRegion(placeholder)
@@ -462,7 +487,12 @@ impl<D: SolverDelegate<Interner = I>, I: Interner> TypeFolder<I> for Canonicaliz
                     "region vid should have been resolved fully before canonicalization"
                 );
                 match self.canonicalize_mode {
-                    CanonicalizeMode::Input(_) => CanonicalVarKind::Region(ty::UniverseIndex::ROOT),
+                    CanonicalizeMode::Input(_) => {
+                        CanonicalVarKind::PlaceholderRegion(ty::PlaceholderRegion::new_anon(
+                            ty::UniverseIndex::ROOT,
+                            self.variables.len().into(),
+                        ))
+                    }
                     CanonicalizeMode::Response { .. } => {
                         CanonicalVarKind::Region(self.delegate.universe_of_lt(vid).unwrap())
                     }

compiler/rustc_next_trait_solver/src/canonical/mod.rs

@@ -211,6 +211,18 @@ where
         } else {
             // For placeholders which were already part of the input, we simply map this
             // universal bound variable back the placeholder of the input.
+            //
+            // For `CanonicalVarKind::PlaceholderRegion`, this differs slightly: we
+            // canonicalize all free regions from the input into placeholders. This is
+            // unlike types or consts, where only input placeholders remain placeholders
+            // in the canonical form.
+            //
+            // We can still map these back to the original input regions, as we
+            // just instantiate the canonical variable with its corresponding
+            // `original_value`.
+            //
+            // For more information on why we canonicalize all input regions as
+            // placeholders, see the comment in `Canonicalizer::fold_region`.
             original_values[kind.expect_placeholder_index()]
         }
     })

…zation-preserve-equality.borrowck.stderr …reserve-equality.borrowck_current.stderrtests/ui/implied-bounds/normalization-preserve-equality.borrowck.stderr renamed to tests/ui/implied-bounds/normalization-preserve-equality.borrowck_current.stderr tests/ui/implied-bounds/normalization-preserve-equality.borrowck.stderr renamed to tests/ui/implied-bounds/normalization-preserve-equality.borrowck_current.stderr

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 error: lifetime may not live long enough
-  --> $DIR/normalization-preserve-equality.rs:24:1
+  --> $DIR/normalization-preserve-equality.rs:27:1
    |
 LL | fn test_borrowck<'a, 'b>(_: (<Equal<'a, 'b> as Trait>::Ty, Equal<'a, 'b>)) {
    | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^--^^--^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ LL | fn test_borrowck<'a, 'b>(_: (<Equal<'a, 'b> as Trait>::Ty, Equal<'a, 'b>))
    = help: consider adding the following bound: `'a: 'b`
 
 error: lifetime may not live long enough
-  --> $DIR/normalization-preserve-equality.rs:24:1
+  --> $DIR/normalization-preserve-equality.rs:27:1
    |
 LL | fn test_borrowck<'a, 'b>(_: (<Equal<'a, 'b> as Trait>::Ty, Equal<'a, 'b>)) {
    | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^--^^--^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

tests/ui/implied-bounds/normalization-preserve-equality.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
-// Both revisions should pass. `borrowck` revision is a bug!
+// All the revisions should pass. `borrowck_current` revision is a bug!
 //
-//@ revisions: wfcheck borrowck
+//@ ignore-compare-mode-next-solver (explicit revisions)
+//@ revisions: wfcheck borrowck_current borrowck_next
 //@ [wfcheck] check-pass
-//@ [borrowck] check-fail
-//@ [borrowck] known-bug: #106569
+//@ [borrowck_current] check-fail
+//@ [borrowck_current] known-bug: #106569
+//@ [borrowck_next] compile-flags: -Znext-solver
+//@ [borrowck_next] check-pass
 
 struct Equal<'a, 'b>(&'a &'b (), &'b &'a ()); // implies 'a == 'b
 
@@ -20,7 +23,7 @@ trait WfCheckTrait {}
 #[cfg(wfcheck)]
 impl<'a, 'b> WfCheckTrait for (<Equal<'a, 'b> as Trait>::Ty, Equal<'a, 'b>) {}
 
-#[cfg(borrowck)]
+#[cfg(any(borrowck_current, borrowck_next))]
 fn test_borrowck<'a, 'b>(_: (<Equal<'a, 'b> as Trait>::Ty, Equal<'a, 'b>)) {
     let _ = None::<Equal<'a, 'b>>;
 }