diff --git a/command-snapshot.json b/command-snapshot.json
index 05fae7f..154c263 100644
--- a/command-snapshot.json
+++ b/command-snapshot.json
@@ -1,4 +1,12 @@
 [
+  {
+    "alias": [],
+    "command": "devops:pipeline:activate",
+    "flagAliases": [],
+    "flagChars": ["o"],
+    "flags": ["api-version", "flags-dir", "json", "pipeline-id", "target-org"],
+    "plugin": "@salesforce/plugin-devops-center"
+  },
   {
     "alias": [],
     "command": "devops:pipeline:attach-project",
@@ -7,6 +15,34 @@
     "flags": ["api-version", "flags-dir", "json", "pipeline-id", "project-id", "target-org"],
     "plugin": "@salesforce/plugin-devops-center"
   },
+  {
+    "alias": [],
+    "command": "devops:pipeline:create",
+    "flagAliases": [],
+    "flagChars": ["d", "n", "o", "r"],
+    "flags": [
+      "api-version",
+      "bitbucket-project",
+      "create-repo",
+      "description",
+      "flags-dir",
+      "json",
+      "name",
+      "repo",
+      "repo-owner",
+      "repo-type",
+      "target-org"
+    ],
+    "plugin": "@salesforce/plugin-devops-center"
+  },
+  {
+    "alias": [],
+    "command": "devops:pipeline:stage:add",
+    "flagAliases": [],
+    "flagChars": ["n", "o"],
+    "flags": ["api-version", "flags-dir", "json", "name", "next-stage-id", "pipeline-id", "target-org"],
+    "plugin": "@salesforce/plugin-devops-center"
+  },
   {
     "alias": [],
     "command": "devops:project:create",
diff --git a/messages/devops.pipeline.activate.md b/messages/devops.pipeline.activate.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d49de68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/messages/devops.pipeline.activate.md
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# summary
+
+Activate a DevOps Center pipeline for deployments.
+
+# description
+
+A pipeline must have at least one stage before you activate it. You can't modify the pipeline stages after you activate and promote changes through it.
+
+# flags.target-org.summary
+
+Username or alias of the DevOps Center org.
+
+# flags.pipeline-id.summary
+
+ID of the pipeline.
+
+# examples
+
+- Activate a pipeline using the pipeline ID.
+
+      <%= config.bin %> <%= command.id %> --target-org my-devops-org --pipeline-id 0XB000000000001
+
+# error.NoStages
+
+Can't activate pipeline %s. Add at least one stage, then try again.
+
+# error.AlreadyActive
+
+Pipeline %s is already active.
diff --git a/messages/devops.pipeline.create.md b/messages/devops.pipeline.create.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a4506e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/messages/devops.pipeline.create.md
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+# summary
+
+Create a DevOps Center pipeline.
+
+# description
+
+Provide the URL of an existing repository, or use `--create-repo` with a repository name to create one. After you create the pipeline, add stages, and activate the pipeline.
+
+# flags.target-org.summary
+
+Username or alias of the DevOps Center org.
+
+# flags.name.summary
+
+Name of the pipeline.
+
+# flags.repo.summary
+
+URL of an existing repository or the name of a repository to create.
+
+# flags.repo-type.summary
+
+Type of the source code repository. Required when creating a repository using '--create-repo'.
+
+# flags.create-repo.summary
+
+Create a repository if it doesn't exist.
+
+# flags.repo-owner.summary
+
+Owner (organization or user) of the repository. Required when creating a repository using '--create-repo'.
+
+# flags.bitbucket-project.summary
+
+Bitbucket project key for the repository. Used when creating a Bitbucket repository with '--create-repo'.
+
+# flags.description.summary
+
+Description of the pipeline.
+
+# examples
+
+- Create a pipeline and associate it with an existing GitHub repository.
+
+      <%= config.bin %> <%= command.id %> --target-org my-devops-org --name "Release Pipeline" --repo https://github.com/myorg/myrepo
+
+- Create a pipeline and associate it with a new GitHub repository.
+
+      <%= config.bin %> <%= command.id %> --target-org my-devops-org --name "Release Pipeline" --repo my-new-repo --repo-type github --repo-owner myorg --create-repo
+
+- Create a pipeline with a description and associate it with a Bitbucket repository.
+
+      <%= config.bin %> <%= command.id %> --target-org my-devops-org --name "Release Pipeline" --repo https://bitbucket.org/myorg/myrepo --description "Main CI/CD pipeline for production releases"
+
+# error.RepoTypeRequired
+
+The --repo-type flag is required when using --create-repo. Specify --repo-type github or --repo-type bitbucket.
+
+# error.RepoCreationFailed
+
+Failed to create repository "%s". Verify the --repo-owner has permission to create repositories and the repository name is available. Details: %s
+
+# error.RepoNotFound
+
+Repository "%s" was not found or you don't have access. Verify the repository URL is correct and your DevOps Center org has the required VCS credentials.
+
+# error.RepoValidationFailed
+
+Failed to validate repository "%s". When using an existing repository, provide the full URL (e.g. https://github.com/owner/repo). To create a new repository, use --create-repo with --repo-type and --repo-owner.
+
+# error.RepoOwnerRequired
+
+The --repo-owner flag is required when using --create-repo. Specify the GitHub or Bitbucket organization or user that will own the repository.
+
+# error.VcsCredentialsMissing
+
+No VCS credentials found for repository "%s". Connect to Bitbucket in your DevOps Center org before creating a pipeline.
+
+# error.RepoTypeDetectionFailed
+
+Unable to detect the repository type from the URL "%s". Use --repo-type to specify the repository type.
diff --git a/messages/devops.pipeline.stage.add.md b/messages/devops.pipeline.stage.add.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0fd8f92
--- /dev/null
+++ b/messages/devops.pipeline.stage.add.md
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+# summary
+
+Add a stage to a DevOps Center pipeline.
+
+# description
+
+Inserts an empty stage before the stage specified by `--next-stage-id`. The new stage doesn't include a branch or environment. Configure them separately after you create the stage.
+
+# flags.target-org.summary
+
+Username or alias of the DevOps Center org.
+
+# flags.pipeline-id.summary
+
+ID of the pipeline where the stage is added.
+
+# flags.name.summary
+
+Name of the pipeline stage, such as Integration, UAT, or Staging.
+
+# flags.next-stage-id.summary
+
+ID of the stage that follows the new stage in the pipeline.
+
+# examples
+
+- Add a Development stage before Integration in a specific pipeline.
+
+      <%= config.bin %> <%= command.id %> --target-org my-devops-org --pipeline-id 0XB000000000001 --name "Development" --next-stage-id 0Xc000000000002
+
+- Add a QA stage before UAT in a specific pipeline.
+
+      <%= config.bin %> <%= command.id %> --target-org my-devops-org --pipeline-id 0XB000000000001 --name "QA" --next-stage-id 0Xc000000000003
+
+# error.StageNotFound
+
+Stage %s not found in pipeline %s. Check the stage ID and try again.
diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index a88bbca..38e8ed9 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -94,7 +94,12 @@
             "description": "Commands for managing DevOps Center pull requests."
           },
           "pipeline": {
-            "description": "Commands for managing DevOps Center pipelines."
+            "description": "Commands for managing DevOps Center pipelines.",
+            "subtopics": {
+              "stage": {
+                "description": "Commands for managing pipeline stages."
+              }
+            }
           }
         }
       }
diff --git a/schemas/devops-pipeline-activate.json b/schemas/devops-pipeline-activate.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9cf6884
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/devops-pipeline-activate.json
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+{
+  "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
+  "$ref": "#/definitions/ActivatePipelineResult",
+  "definitions": {
+    "ActivatePipelineResult": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "properties": {
+        "success": {
+          "type": "boolean"
+        },
+        "pipelineId": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "status": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "stageCount": {
+          "type": "number"
+        },
+        "error": {
+          "type": "string"
+        }
+      },
+      "required": ["success", "pipelineId"],
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/schemas/devops-pipeline-create.json b/schemas/devops-pipeline-create.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ac72ed6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/devops-pipeline-create.json
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+{
+  "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
+  "$ref": "#/definitions/CreatePipelineResult",
+  "definitions": {
+    "CreatePipelineResult": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "properties": {
+        "success": {
+          "type": "boolean"
+        },
+        "pipelineId": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "name": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "description": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "status": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "repository": {
+          "$ref": "#/definitions/RepoInfo"
+        },
+        "error": {
+          "type": "string"
+        }
+      },
+      "required": ["success"],
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    },
+    "RepoInfo": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "properties": {
+        "repoUrl": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "repoType": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "created": {
+          "type": "boolean"
+        }
+      },
+      "required": ["repoUrl", "repoType", "created"],
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/schemas/devops-pipeline-stage-add.json b/schemas/devops-pipeline-stage-add.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4d718b1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/schemas/devops-pipeline-stage-add.json
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+{
+  "$schema": "http://json-schema.org/draft-07/schema#",
+  "$ref": "#/definitions/AddPipelineStageResult",
+  "definitions": {
+    "AddPipelineStageResult": {
+      "type": "object",
+      "properties": {
+        "success": {
+          "type": "boolean"
+        },
+        "stageId": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "name": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "nextStageId": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "pipelineId": {
+          "type": "string"
+        },
+        "error": {
+          "type": "string"
+        }
+      },
+      "required": ["success"],
+      "additionalProperties": false
+    }
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/commands/devops/pipeline/activate.ts b/src/commands/devops/pipeline/activate.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8e6087f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/commands/devops/pipeline/activate.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2026, Salesforce, Inc.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import { Messages, Org } from '@salesforce/core';
+import { SfCommand, Flags } from '@salesforce/sf-plugins-core';
+import { activatePipeline, ActivatePipelineResult } from '../../../utils/activatePipeline.js';
+import { fetchPipelineStages } from '../../../utils/pipelineUtils.js';
+import { PipelineStageRecord } from '../../../utils/types.js';
+
+Messages.importMessagesDirectoryFromMetaUrl(import.meta.url);
+const messages = Messages.loadMessages('@salesforce/plugin-devops-center', 'devops.pipeline.activate');
+const commonErrorMessages = Messages.loadMessages('@salesforce/plugin-devops-center', 'commonErrors');
+
+export default class DevopsPipelineActivate extends SfCommand<ActivatePipelineResult> {
+  public static readonly summary = messages.getMessage('summary');
+  public static readonly description = messages.getMessage('description');
+  public static readonly examples = messages.getMessages('examples');
+
+  public static readonly flags = {
+    'target-org': Flags.requiredOrg(),
+    'api-version': Flags.orgApiVersion(),
+    'pipeline-id': Flags.salesforceId({
+      summary: messages.getMessage('flags.pipeline-id.summary'),
+      required: true,
+      char: undefined,
+    }),
+  };
+
+  public async run(): Promise<ActivatePipelineResult> {
+    const { flags } = await this.parse(DevopsPipelineActivate);
+    const org: Org = flags['target-org'];
+    const connection = org.getConnection(flags['api-version']);
+    const pipelineId = flags['pipeline-id'];
+
+    let stages: PipelineStageRecord[];
+    try {
+      stages = await fetchPipelineStages(connection, pipelineId);
+    } catch (error: unknown) {
+      const errMsg = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
+      if (errMsg.includes('sObject type') && errMsg.includes('is not supported')) {
+        this.error(commonErrorMessages.getMessage('error.DevopsCenterNotEnabled'));
+      }
+      throw error;
+    }
+
+    if (stages.length === 0) {
+      this.error(messages.getMessage('error.NoStages', [pipelineId]));
+    }
+
+    let result: ActivatePipelineResult;
+    try {
+      result = await activatePipeline({ connection, pipelineId });
+      result.stageCount = stages.length;
+    } catch (error: unknown) {
+      const errMsg = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
+      if (errMsg.includes('sObject type') && errMsg.includes('is not supported')) {
+        this.error(commonErrorMessages.getMessage('error.DevopsCenterNotEnabled'));
+      }
+      if (errMsg.includes('already active') || errMsg.includes('ALREADY_ACTIVE')) {
+        this.error(messages.getMessage('error.AlreadyActive', [pipelineId]));
+      }
+      throw error;
+    }
+
+    if (result.success) {
+      this.log('Successfully activated the pipeline.');
+      this.log(`  Pipeline ID: ${pipelineId}`);
+      this.log(`  Status:      ${result.status ?? 'Active'}`);
+      this.log(`  Stages:      ${result.stageCount ?? stages.length}`);
+    } else {
+      this.error(`Failed to activate pipeline: ${result.error ?? ''}`);
+    }
+
+    return result;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/commands/devops/pipeline/attach-project.ts b/src/commands/devops/pipeline/attach-project.ts
index 76ee940..39e2f57 100644
--- a/src/commands/devops/pipeline/attach-project.ts
+++ b/src/commands/devops/pipeline/attach-project.ts
@@ -28,11 +28,7 @@ export default class DevopsPipelineAttachProject extends SfCommand<AttachProject
   public static readonly examples = messages.getMessages('examples');
 
   public static readonly flags = {
-    'target-org': Flags.requiredOrg({
-      char: 'o',
-      summary: messages.getMessage('flags.target-org.summary'),
-      required: true,
-    }),
+    'target-org': Flags.requiredOrg(),
     'api-version': Flags.orgApiVersion(),
     'pipeline-id': Flags.salesforceId({
       summary: messages.getMessage('flags.pipeline-id.summary'),
diff --git a/src/commands/devops/pipeline/create.ts b/src/commands/devops/pipeline/create.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ab5c7d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/commands/devops/pipeline/create.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2026, Salesforce, Inc.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import { Messages, Org } from '@salesforce/core';
+import { SfCommand, Flags } from '@salesforce/sf-plugins-core';
+import { createPipeline, CreatePipelineResult, detectRepoType } from '../../../utils/createPipeline.js';
+
+Messages.importMessagesDirectoryFromMetaUrl(import.meta.url);
+const messages = Messages.loadMessages('@salesforce/plugin-devops-center', 'devops.pipeline.create');
+const commonErrorMessages = Messages.loadMessages('@salesforce/plugin-devops-center', 'commonErrors');
+
+export default class DevopsPipelineCreate extends SfCommand<CreatePipelineResult> {
+  public static readonly summary = messages.getMessage('summary');
+  public static readonly description = messages.getMessage('description');
+  public static readonly examples = messages.getMessages('examples');
+
+  public static readonly flags = {
+    'target-org': Flags.requiredOrg(),
+    'api-version': Flags.orgApiVersion(),
+    name: Flags.string({
+      summary: messages.getMessage('flags.name.summary'),
+      char: 'n',
+      required: true,
+    }),
+    repo: Flags.string({
+      summary: messages.getMessage('flags.repo.summary'),
+      char: 'r',
+      required: true,
+    }),
+    'repo-type': Flags.string({
+      summary: messages.getMessage('flags.repo-type.summary'),
+      options: ['github', 'bitbucket'],
+    }),
+    'create-repo': Flags.boolean({
+      summary: messages.getMessage('flags.create-repo.summary'),
+      default: false,
+    }),
+    'repo-owner': Flags.string({
+      summary: messages.getMessage('flags.repo-owner.summary'),
+    }),
+    'bitbucket-project': Flags.string({
+      summary: messages.getMessage('flags.bitbucket-project.summary'),
+    }),
+    description: Flags.string({
+      summary: messages.getMessage('flags.description.summary'),
+      char: 'd',
+    }),
+  };
+
+  public async run(): Promise<CreatePipelineResult> {
+    const { flags } = await this.parse(DevopsPipelineCreate);
+    const org: Org = flags['target-org'];
+    const connection = org.getConnection(flags['api-version']);
+    const repoType = this.resolveRepoType(flags['repo-type'], flags['repo'], flags['create-repo']);
+
+    if (flags['create-repo'] && !flags['repo-owner']) {
+      this.error(messages.getMessage('error.RepoOwnerRequired'));
+    }
+
+    let result: CreatePipelineResult;
+    try {
+      result = await createPipeline({
+        connection,
+        name: flags['name'],
+        description: flags['description'],
+        repo: flags['repo'],
+        repoType,
+        createRepo: flags['create-repo'],
+        repoOwner: flags['repo-owner'],
+        bitbucketProject: flags['bitbucket-project'],
+      });
+    } catch (error: unknown) {
+      const errMsg = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
+      if (errMsg.includes('sObject type') && errMsg.includes('is not supported')) {
+        this.error(commonErrorMessages.getMessage('error.DevopsCenterNotEnabled'));
+      }
+      this.handleApiError(errMsg, flags['repo']);
+      throw error;
+    }
+
+    if (result.success) {
+      this.printSuccessOutput(result, flags['repo'], org.getUsername());
+    } else {
+      this.error(`Failed to create pipeline: ${result.error ?? ''}`);
+    }
+
+    return result;
+  }
+
+  private resolveRepoType(flagRepoType: string | undefined, repo: string, isCreateRepo: boolean): string {
+    if (isCreateRepo && !flagRepoType) {
+      this.error(messages.getMessage('error.RepoTypeRequired'));
+    }
+    if (flagRepoType) return flagRepoType;
+
+    const detected = detectRepoType(repo);
+    if (!detected) {
+      this.error(messages.getMessage('error.RepoTypeDetectionFailed', [repo]));
+    }
+    return detected;
+  }
+
+  private handleApiError(errMsg: string, repo: string): void {
+    if (errMsg.includes('REPOSITORY_CREATION_FAILED')) {
+      this.error(messages.getMessage('error.RepoCreationFailed', [repo, errMsg]));
+    }
+    if (errMsg.includes('REPO_NOT_FOUND_OR_UNAUTHORIZED')) {
+      this.error(messages.getMessage('error.RepoNotFound', [repo]));
+    }
+    if (errMsg.includes('SOURCE_CODE_SERVICE_ERROR')) {
+      this.error(messages.getMessage('error.RepoValidationFailed', [repo]));
+    }
+    if (errMsg.includes('BITBUCKET_API_ERROR') && errMsg.includes('ProviderInfo is missing')) {
+      this.error(messages.getMessage('error.VcsCredentialsMissing', [repo]));
+    }
+  }
+
+  private printSuccessOutput(result: CreatePipelineResult, repoFlag: string, username: string | undefined): void {
+    if (result.repository?.created) {
+      this.log(`Created repository: ${repoFlag} (${result.repository.repoType})`);
+    }
+    this.log(`Successfully created pipeline: ${result.name ?? ''}`);
+    this.log(`  Pipeline ID: ${result.pipelineId ?? ''}`);
+    this.log(`  Repository:  ${result.repository?.repoUrl ?? ''} (${result.repository?.repoType ?? ''})`);
+    this.log(`  Status:      ${result.status ?? 'Inactive'}`);
+    this.log('  Next steps:');
+    const orgLabel = username ?? '<org>';
+    const pipelineIdLabel = result.pipelineId ?? '<ID>';
+    this.log(
+      `    Add pipeline stages: sf devops pipeline stage add --target-org ${orgLabel} --pipeline-id ${pipelineIdLabel}`
+    );
+    this.log(
+      `    Attach a project: sf devops pipeline attach-project --target-org ${orgLabel} --pipeline-id ${pipelineIdLabel} --project-id <ID>`
+    );
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/commands/devops/pipeline/stage/add.ts b/src/commands/devops/pipeline/stage/add.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a898c68
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/commands/devops/pipeline/stage/add.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2026, Salesforce, Inc.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import { Messages, Org } from '@salesforce/core';
+import { SfCommand, Flags } from '@salesforce/sf-plugins-core';
+import { addPipelineStage, AddPipelineStageResult } from '../../../../utils/addPipelineStage.js';
+import { fetchPipelineStages } from '../../../../utils/pipelineUtils.js';
+import { PipelineStageRecord } from '../../../../utils/types.js';
+
+Messages.importMessagesDirectoryFromMetaUrl(import.meta.url);
+const messages = Messages.loadMessages('@salesforce/plugin-devops-center', 'devops.pipeline.stage.add');
+const commonErrorMessages = Messages.loadMessages('@salesforce/plugin-devops-center', 'commonErrors');
+
+export default class DevopsPipelineStageAdd extends SfCommand<AddPipelineStageResult> {
+  public static readonly summary = messages.getMessage('summary');
+  public static readonly description = messages.getMessage('description');
+  public static readonly examples = messages.getMessages('examples');
+
+  public static readonly flags = {
+    'target-org': Flags.requiredOrg(),
+    'api-version': Flags.orgApiVersion(),
+    'pipeline-id': Flags.salesforceId({
+      summary: messages.getMessage('flags.pipeline-id.summary'),
+      required: true,
+      char: undefined,
+    }),
+    name: Flags.string({
+      summary: messages.getMessage('flags.name.summary'),
+      char: 'n',
+      required: true,
+    }),
+    'next-stage-id': Flags.salesforceId({
+      summary: messages.getMessage('flags.next-stage-id.summary'),
+      required: true,
+      char: undefined,
+    }),
+  };
+
+  public async run(): Promise<AddPipelineStageResult> {
+    const { flags } = await this.parse(DevopsPipelineStageAdd);
+    const org: Org = flags['target-org'];
+    const connection = org.getConnection(flags['api-version']);
+    const pipelineId = flags['pipeline-id'];
+    const nextStageId = flags['next-stage-id'];
+
+    let stages: PipelineStageRecord[];
+    try {
+      stages = await fetchPipelineStages(connection, pipelineId);
+    } catch (error: unknown) {
+      const errMsg = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
+      if (errMsg.includes('sObject type') && errMsg.includes('is not supported')) {
+        this.error(commonErrorMessages.getMessage('error.DevopsCenterNotEnabled'));
+      }
+      throw error;
+    }
+
+    if (!stages.some((s) => s.Id === nextStageId)) {
+      this.error(messages.getMessage('error.StageNotFound', [nextStageId, pipelineId]));
+    }
+
+    let result: AddPipelineStageResult;
+    try {
+      result = await addPipelineStage({
+        connection,
+        pipelineId,
+        name: flags['name'],
+        nextStageId,
+      });
+    } catch (error: unknown) {
+      const errMsg = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error);
+      if (errMsg.includes('sObject type') && errMsg.includes('is not supported')) {
+        this.error(commonErrorMessages.getMessage('error.DevopsCenterNotEnabled'));
+      }
+      throw error;
+    }
+
+    if (result.success) {
+      this.log(`Successfully added stage "${result.name ?? ''}" to the pipeline.`);
+      this.log(`  Stage ID:    ${result.stageId ?? ''}`);
+      this.log(`  Position:    before "${nextStageId}"`);
+      this.log(`  Pipeline ID: ${pipelineId}`);
+    } else {
+      this.error(`Failed to add stage: ${result.error ?? ''}`);
+    }
+
+    return result;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/src/commands/devops/project/create.ts b/src/commands/devops/project/create.ts
index a02e9b5..122d8b8 100644
--- a/src/commands/devops/project/create.ts
+++ b/src/commands/devops/project/create.ts
@@ -28,11 +28,7 @@ export default class DevopsProjectCreate extends SfCommand<CreateProjectResult>
   public static readonly examples = messages.getMessages('examples');
 
   public static readonly flags = {
-    'target-org': Flags.requiredOrg({
-      char: 'o',
-      summary: messages.getMessage('flags.target-org.summary'),
-      required: true,
-    }),
+    'target-org': Flags.requiredOrg(),
     'api-version': Flags.orgApiVersion(),
     name: Flags.string({
       summary: messages.getMessage('flags.name.summary'),
diff --git a/src/commands/devops/pull-request/create.ts b/src/commands/devops/pull-request/create.ts
index ac840ff..e74a496 100644
--- a/src/commands/devops/pull-request/create.ts
+++ b/src/commands/devops/pull-request/create.ts
@@ -34,11 +34,7 @@ export default class DevopsPullRequestCreate extends SfCommand<CreatePullRequest
   public static readonly examples = messages.getMessages('examples');
 
   public static readonly flags = {
-    'target-org': Flags.requiredOrg({
-      char: 'o',
-      summary: messages.getMessage('flags.target-org.summary'),
-      required: true,
-    }),
+    'target-org': Flags.requiredOrg(),
     'api-version': Flags.orgApiVersion(),
     'work-item-name': Flags.string({
       summary: messages.getMessage('flags.work-item-name.summary'),
diff --git a/src/utils/activatePipeline.ts b/src/utils/activatePipeline.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f25c9b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/utils/activatePipeline.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2026, Salesforce, Inc.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import { Connection } from '@salesforce/core';
+
+export type ActivatePipelineParams = {
+  connection: Connection;
+  pipelineId: string;
+};
+
+export type ActivatePipelineResult = {
+  success: boolean;
+  pipelineId: string;
+  status?: string;
+  stageCount?: number;
+  error?: string;
+};
+
+type ActivateResponse = { status?: string; id: string };
+
+/**
+ * Activates a DevOps Center pipeline via the Connect API.
+ * POST /services/data/v{version}/connect/devops/pipelines/{pipelineId}/activate
+ */
+export async function activatePipeline(params: ActivatePipelineParams): Promise<ActivatePipelineResult> {
+  const { connection, pipelineId } = params;
+
+  const path = `/services/data/v${connection.getApiVersion()}/connect/devops/pipelines/${pipelineId}/activate`;
+
+  const data = await connection.request<ActivateResponse>({
+    method: 'POST',
+    url: path,
+    body: '{}',
+    headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
+  });
+
+  return {
+    success: true,
+    pipelineId,
+    status: data.status ?? 'Active',
+  };
+}
diff --git a/src/utils/addPipelineStage.ts b/src/utils/addPipelineStage.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2f3a288
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/utils/addPipelineStage.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2026, Salesforce, Inc.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import { Connection } from '@salesforce/core';
+
+export type AddPipelineStageParams = {
+  connection: Connection;
+  pipelineId: string;
+  name: string;
+  nextStageId: string;
+};
+
+export type AddPipelineStageResult = {
+  success: boolean;
+  stageId?: string;
+  name?: string;
+  nextStageId?: string;
+  pipelineId?: string;
+  error?: string;
+};
+
+type SObjectCreateResult = {
+  id: string;
+  success: boolean;
+  errors?: Array<{ message: string }>;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Adds a stage to a DevOps Center pipeline via sObject create.
+ * POST /services/data/v{version}/sobjects/DevopsPipelineStage
+ */
+export async function addPipelineStage(params: AddPipelineStageParams): Promise<AddPipelineStageResult> {
+  const { connection, pipelineId, name, nextStageId } = params;
+
+  const result = await connection.sobject('DevopsPipelineStage').create({
+    Name: name,
+    DevopsPipelineId: pipelineId,
+    NextStageId: nextStageId,
+  });
+
+  const createResult = result as unknown as SObjectCreateResult;
+
+  if (!createResult.success) {
+    const errorMsg = createResult.errors?.map((e) => e.message).join('; ') ?? 'Unknown error';
+    return {
+      success: false,
+      error: errorMsg,
+    };
+  }
+
+  return {
+    success: true,
+    stageId: createResult.id,
+    name,
+    nextStageId,
+    pipelineId,
+  };
+}
diff --git a/src/utils/createPipeline.ts b/src/utils/createPipeline.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4191ecb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/utils/createPipeline.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2026, Salesforce, Inc.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import { Connection } from '@salesforce/core';
+
+export type RepoInfo = {
+  repoUrl: string;
+  repoType: string;
+  created: boolean;
+};
+
+export type CreatePipelineParams = {
+  connection: Connection;
+  name: string;
+  description?: string;
+  repo: string;
+  repoType: string;
+  createRepo?: boolean;
+  repoOwner?: string;
+  bitbucketProject?: string;
+};
+
+export type CreatePipelineResult = {
+  success: boolean;
+  pipelineId?: string;
+  name?: string;
+  description?: string;
+  status?: string;
+  repository?: RepoInfo;
+  error?: string;
+};
+
+type ConnectPipelineResponse = {
+  id: string;
+  message: string;
+  status: string;
+};
+
+const DEFAULT_STAGES = [{ name: 'Integration' }, { name: 'UAT' }, { name: 'Staging' }, { name: 'Production' }];
+
+/**
+ * Detects repo type from a URL. Returns 'github' or 'bitbucket', or undefined.
+ */
+export function detectRepoType(repoUrl: string): string | undefined {
+  const lower = repoUrl.toLowerCase();
+  if (lower.includes('github.com')) return 'github';
+  if (lower.includes('bitbucket.org')) return 'bitbucket';
+  return undefined;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Creates a new DevOps Center pipeline via the Connect API.
+ * POST /services/data/v{version}/connect/devops/pipelines
+ */
+export async function createPipeline(params: CreatePipelineParams): Promise<CreatePipelineResult> {
+  const { connection, name, description, repo, repoType, createRepo, repoOwner, bitbucketProject } = params;
+
+  const path = `/services/data/v${connection.getApiVersion()}/connect/devops/pipelines`;
+
+  const payload: Record<string, unknown> = {
+    name,
+    vcsType: repoType,
+    stages: DEFAULT_STAGES,
+  };
+
+  if (createRepo) {
+    payload.createVcsRepo = true;
+    payload.vcsRepoName = repo;
+    payload.vcsRepoOwner = repoOwner;
+
+    if (repoType === 'bitbucket' && repoOwner) {
+      const providerInfo: Record<string, string> = { bitbucketWorkspace: repoOwner };
+      if (bitbucketProject) {
+        providerInfo.bitbucketProject = bitbucketProject;
+      }
+      payload.repoProviderInfo = JSON.stringify(providerInfo);
+    }
+  } else {
+    payload.vcsRepoUrl = repo;
+  }
+
+  if (description) {
+    payload.description = description;
+  }
+
+  const data = await connection.request<ConnectPipelineResponse>({
+    method: 'POST',
+    url: path,
+    body: JSON.stringify(payload),
+    headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
+  });
+
+  return {
+    success: true,
+    pipelineId: data.id,
+    name,
+    description,
+    status: data.status ?? 'Inactive',
+    repository: {
+      repoUrl: repo,
+      repoType,
+      created: createRepo ?? false,
+    },
+  };
+}
diff --git a/test/commands/devops/pipeline/activate.test.ts b/test/commands/devops/pipeline/activate.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..67c6fd8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/commands/devops/pipeline/activate.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2026, Salesforce, Inc.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import esmock from 'esmock';
+import { expect, test } from '@oclif/test';
+import sinon from 'sinon';
+import { Org } from '@salesforce/core';
+
+describe('devops pipeline activate', () => {
+  let sandbox: sinon.SinonSandbox;
+  // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+  let ActivateCommand: any;
+  const mockConnection = { getApiVersion: () => '65.0' };
+  const mockOrg = { id: '1', getOrgId: () => '1', getConnection: () => mockConnection, getUsername: () => 'testOrg' };
+  const activatePipelineStub = sinon.stub();
+  const fetchPipelineStagesStub = sinon.stub();
+
+  before(async () => {
+    const mod = await esmock('../../../../src/commands/devops/pipeline/activate.js', {
+      '../../../../src/utils/activatePipeline.js': {
+        activatePipeline: activatePipelineStub,
+      },
+      '../../../../src/utils/pipelineUtils.js': {
+        fetchPipelineStages: fetchPipelineStagesStub,
+      },
+    });
+    ActivateCommand = mod.default;
+  });
+
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    sandbox = sinon.createSandbox();
+    activatePipelineStub.reset();
+    fetchPipelineStagesStub.reset();
+  });
+
+  afterEach(() => {
+    sandbox.restore();
+  });
+
+  describe('successful activation', () => {
+    test
+      .stdout()
+      .stderr()
+      .it('activates pipeline and logs success', async (ctx) => {
+        // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+        sandbox.stub(Org, 'create' as any).returns(mockOrg);
+        fetchPipelineStagesStub.resolves([
+          { Id: '1', Name: 'Integration' },
+          { Id: '2', Name: 'UAT' },
+          { Id: '3', Name: 'Production' },
+        ]);
+        activatePipelineStub.resolves({
+          success: true,
+          pipelineId: '0XB000000000001',
+          status: 'Active',
+        });
+
+        await ActivateCommand.run(['--target-org', 'testOrg', '--pipeline-id', '0XB000000000001']);
+
+        expect(ctx.stdout).to.contain('Successfully activated the pipeline.');
+        expect(ctx.stdout).to.contain('0XB000000000001');
+        expect(ctx.stdout).to.contain('Active');
+        expect(ctx.stdout).to.contain('3');
+      });
+  });
+
+  describe('no stages error', () => {
+    test
+      .stdout()
+      .stderr()
+      .it('errors when pipeline has no stages', async (ctx) => {
+        // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+        sandbox.stub(Org, 'create' as any).returns(mockOrg);
+        fetchPipelineStagesStub.resolves([]);
+
+        try {
+          await ActivateCommand.run(['--target-org', 'testOrg', '--pipeline-id', '0XB000000000001']);
+          expect.fail('should have thrown');
+        } catch (e) {
+          // expected
+        }
+
+        expect(ctx.stderr).to.contain('Add at least one stage');
+      });
+  });
+
+  describe('already active error', () => {
+    test
+      .stdout()
+      .stderr()
+      .it('errors when pipeline is already active', async (ctx) => {
+        // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+        sandbox.stub(Org, 'create' as any).returns(mockOrg);
+        fetchPipelineStagesStub.resolves([{ Id: '1', Name: 'Integration' }]);
+        activatePipelineStub.rejects(new Error('Pipeline is already active'));
+
+        try {
+          await ActivateCommand.run(['--target-org', 'testOrg', '--pipeline-id', '0XB000000000001']);
+          expect.fail('should have thrown');
+        } catch (e) {
+          // expected
+        }
+
+        expect(ctx.stderr).to.contain('already active');
+      });
+  });
+
+  describe('DevOps Center not enabled', () => {
+    test
+      .stdout()
+      .stderr()
+      .it('shows DevOps Center not enabled error', async (ctx) => {
+        // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+        sandbox.stub(Org, 'create' as any).returns(mockOrg);
+        fetchPipelineStagesStub.rejects(new Error("sObject type 'DevopsPipelineStage' is not supported"));
+
+        try {
+          await ActivateCommand.run(['--target-org', 'testOrg', '--pipeline-id', '0XB000000000001']);
+        } catch (e) {
+          // expected
+        }
+
+        expect(ctx.stderr).to.contain("DevOps Center isn't enabled");
+      });
+  });
+
+  describe('rethrows other errors', () => {
+    test
+      .stdout()
+      .stderr()
+      .it('rethrows non-DevOps errors', async () => {
+        // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+        sandbox.stub(Org, 'create' as any).returns(mockOrg);
+        fetchPipelineStagesStub.resolves([{ Id: '1', Name: 'Integration' }]);
+        activatePipelineStub.rejects(new Error('Network error'));
+
+        try {
+          await ActivateCommand.run(['--target-org', 'testOrg', '--pipeline-id', '0XB000000000001']);
+          expect.fail('should have thrown');
+        } catch (e: unknown) {
+          expect((e as Error).message).to.contain('Network error');
+        }
+      });
+  });
+});
diff --git a/test/commands/devops/pipeline/create.test.ts b/test/commands/devops/pipeline/create.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..663622f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/commands/devops/pipeline/create.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,262 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2026, Salesforce, Inc.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import esmock from 'esmock';
+import { expect, test } from '@oclif/test';
+import sinon from 'sinon';
+import { Org } from '@salesforce/core';
+
+describe('devops pipeline create', () => {
+  let sandbox: sinon.SinonSandbox;
+  // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+  let CreateCommand: any;
+  const mockConnection = { getApiVersion: () => '65.0' };
+  const mockOrg = { id: '1', getOrgId: () => '1', getConnection: () => mockConnection, getUsername: () => 'testOrg' };
+  const createPipelineStub = sinon.stub();
+  const detectRepoTypeStub = sinon.stub();
+
+  before(async () => {
+    const mod = await esmock('../../../../src/commands/devops/pipeline/create.js', {
+      '../../../../src/utils/createPipeline.js': {
+        createPipeline: createPipelineStub,
+        detectRepoType: detectRepoTypeStub,
+      },
+    });
+    CreateCommand = mod.default;
+  });
+
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    sandbox = sinon.createSandbox();
+    createPipelineStub.reset();
+    detectRepoTypeStub.reset();
+  });
+
+  afterEach(() => {
+    sandbox.restore();
+  });
+
+  describe('create with existing repo URL', () => {
+    test
+      .stdout()
+      .stderr()
+      .it('creates pipeline and logs success with next steps', async (ctx) => {
+        // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+        sandbox.stub(Org, 'create' as any).returns(mockOrg);
+        detectRepoTypeStub.returns('github');
+        createPipelineStub.resolves({
+          success: true,
+          pipelineId: '0XB000000000001',
+          name: 'Release Pipeline',
+          status: 'Inactive',
+          repository: {
+            repoUrl: 'https://github.com/myorg/myrepo',
+            repoType: 'github',
+            created: false,
+          },
+        });
+
+        await CreateCommand.run([
+          '--target-org',
+          'testOrg',
+          '--name',
+          'Release Pipeline',
+          '--repo',
+          'https://github.com/myorg/myrepo',
+        ]);
+
+        expect(ctx.stdout).to.contain('Successfully created pipeline: Release Pipeline');
+        expect(ctx.stdout).to.contain('0XB000000000001');
+        expect(ctx.stdout).to.contain('https://github.com/myorg/myrepo');
+        expect(ctx.stdout).to.contain('Next steps');
+        expect(ctx.stdout).to.contain('sf devops pipeline stage add');
+        expect(ctx.stdout).to.contain('sf devops pipeline attach-project');
+      });
+  });
+
+  describe('create with --create-repo', () => {
+    test
+      .stdout()
+      .stderr()
+      .it('logs repo creation and pipeline success', async (ctx) => {
+        // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+        sandbox.stub(Org, 'create' as any).returns(mockOrg);
+        createPipelineStub.resolves({
+          success: true,
+          pipelineId: '0XB000000000002',
+          name: 'Release Pipeline',
+          status: 'Inactive',
+          repository: {
+            repoUrl: 'https://github.com/myorg/my-new-repo',
+            repoType: 'github',
+            created: true,
+          },
+        });
+
+        await CreateCommand.run([
+          '--target-org',
+          'testOrg',
+          '--name',
+          'Release Pipeline',
+          '--repo',
+          'my-new-repo',
+          '--repo-type',
+          'github',
+          '--repo-owner',
+          'myorg',
+          '--create-repo',
+        ]);
+
+        expect(ctx.stdout).to.contain('Created repository: my-new-repo (github)');
+        expect(ctx.stdout).to.contain('Successfully created pipeline: Release Pipeline');
+      });
+  });
+
+  describe('--create-repo without --repo-type', () => {
+    test
+      .stdout()
+      .stderr()
+      .it('errors when --repo-type is missing', async (ctx) => {
+        // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+        sandbox.stub(Org, 'create' as any).returns(mockOrg);
+
+        try {
+          await CreateCommand.run([
+            '--target-org',
+            'testOrg',
+            '--name',
+            'Pipeline',
+            '--repo',
+            'my-repo',
+            '--create-repo',
+          ]);
+          expect.fail('should have thrown');
+        } catch (e) {
+          // expected
+        }
+
+        expect(ctx.stderr).to.contain('--repo-type flag is required');
+      });
+  });
+
+  describe('--create-repo without --repo-owner', () => {
+    test
+      .stdout()
+      .stderr()
+      .it('errors when --repo-owner is missing', async (ctx) => {
+        // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+        sandbox.stub(Org, 'create' as any).returns(mockOrg);
+
+        try {
+          await CreateCommand.run([
+            '--target-org',
+            'testOrg',
+            '--name',
+            'Pipeline',
+            '--repo',
+            'my-repo',
+            '--repo-type',
+            'github',
+            '--create-repo',
+          ]);
+          expect.fail('should have thrown');
+        } catch (e) {
+          // expected
+        }
+
+        expect(ctx.stderr).to.contain('--repo-owner flag is required');
+      });
+  });
+
+  describe('undetectable repo type', () => {
+    test
+      .stdout()
+      .stderr()
+      .it('errors when repo type cannot be detected from URL', async (ctx) => {
+        // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+        sandbox.stub(Org, 'create' as any).returns(mockOrg);
+        detectRepoTypeStub.returns(undefined);
+
+        try {
+          await CreateCommand.run([
+            '--target-org',
+            'testOrg',
+            '--name',
+            'Pipeline',
+            '--repo',
+            'https://gitlab.com/myorg/myrepo',
+          ]);
+          expect.fail('should have thrown');
+        } catch (e) {
+          // expected
+        }
+
+        expect(ctx.stderr).to.contain('Unable to detect the repository type');
+      });
+  });
+
+  describe('DevOps Center not enabled', () => {
+    test
+      .stdout()
+      .stderr()
+      .it('shows DevOps Center not enabled error', async (ctx) => {
+        // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+        sandbox.stub(Org, 'create' as any).returns(mockOrg);
+        detectRepoTypeStub.returns('github');
+        createPipelineStub.rejects(new Error("sObject type 'Pipeline' is not supported"));
+
+        try {
+          await CreateCommand.run([
+            '--target-org',
+            'testOrg',
+            '--name',
+            'Pipeline',
+            '--repo',
+            'https://github.com/myorg/myrepo',
+          ]);
+        } catch (e) {
+          // expected
+        }
+
+        expect(ctx.stderr).to.contain("DevOps Center isn't enabled");
+      });
+  });
+
+  describe('rethrows other errors', () => {
+    test
+      .stdout()
+      .stderr()
+      .it('rethrows non-DevOps errors', async () => {
+        // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+        sandbox.stub(Org, 'create' as any).returns(mockOrg);
+        detectRepoTypeStub.returns('github');
+        createPipelineStub.rejects(new Error('Network error'));
+
+        try {
+          await CreateCommand.run([
+            '--target-org',
+            'testOrg',
+            '--name',
+            'Pipeline',
+            '--repo',
+            'https://github.com/myorg/myrepo',
+          ]);
+          expect.fail('should have thrown');
+        } catch (e: unknown) {
+          expect((e as Error).message).to.contain('Network error');
+        }
+      });
+  });
+});
diff --git a/test/commands/devops/pipeline/stage/add.test.ts b/test/commands/devops/pipeline/stage/add.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5d31ba6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/commands/devops/pipeline/stage/add.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2026, Salesforce, Inc.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import esmock from 'esmock';
+import { expect, test } from '@oclif/test';
+import sinon from 'sinon';
+import { Org } from '@salesforce/core';
+
+describe('devops pipeline stage add', () => {
+  let sandbox: sinon.SinonSandbox;
+  // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+  let AddCommand: any;
+  const mockConnection = { getApiVersion: () => '65.0' };
+  const mockOrg = { id: '1', getOrgId: () => '1', getConnection: () => mockConnection, getUsername: () => 'testOrg' };
+  const addPipelineStageStub = sinon.stub();
+  const fetchPipelineStagesStub = sinon.stub();
+
+  before(async () => {
+    const mod = await esmock('../../../../../src/commands/devops/pipeline/stage/add.js', {
+      '../../../../../src/utils/addPipelineStage.js': {
+        addPipelineStage: addPipelineStageStub,
+      },
+      '../../../../../src/utils/pipelineUtils.js': {
+        fetchPipelineStages: fetchPipelineStagesStub,
+      },
+    });
+    AddCommand = mod.default;
+  });
+
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    sandbox = sinon.createSandbox();
+    addPipelineStageStub.reset();
+    fetchPipelineStagesStub.reset();
+  });
+
+  afterEach(() => {
+    sandbox.restore();
+  });
+
+  describe('successful stage addition', () => {
+    test
+      .stdout()
+      .stderr()
+      .it('adds stage and logs success', async (ctx) => {
+        // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+        sandbox.stub(Org, 'create' as any).returns(mockOrg);
+        fetchPipelineStagesStub.resolves([{ Id: '0Xc000000000002', Name: 'Integration' }]);
+        addPipelineStageStub.resolves({
+          success: true,
+          stageId: '0Xc000000000005',
+          name: 'Development',
+          nextStageId: '0Xc000000000002',
+          pipelineId: '0XB000000000001',
+        });
+
+        await AddCommand.run([
+          '--target-org',
+          'testOrg',
+          '--pipeline-id',
+          '0XB000000000001',
+          '--name',
+          'Development',
+          '--next-stage-id',
+          '0Xc000000000002',
+        ]);
+
+        expect(ctx.stdout).to.contain('Successfully added stage "Development" to the pipeline.');
+        expect(ctx.stdout).to.contain('0Xc000000000005');
+        expect(ctx.stdout).to.contain('0XB000000000001');
+      });
+  });
+
+  describe('stage not found error', () => {
+    test
+      .stdout()
+      .stderr()
+      .it('shows friendly error when next stage not found', async (ctx) => {
+        // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+        sandbox.stub(Org, 'create' as any).returns(mockOrg);
+        fetchPipelineStagesStub.resolves([{ Id: '0Xc000000000002', Name: 'Integration' }]);
+
+        try {
+          await AddCommand.run([
+            '--target-org',
+            'testOrg',
+            '--pipeline-id',
+            '0XB000000000001',
+            '--name',
+            'Development',
+            '--next-stage-id',
+            '0Xc000000000099',
+          ]);
+          expect.fail('should have thrown');
+        } catch (e) {
+          // expected
+        }
+
+        expect(ctx.stderr).to.contain('not found in pipeline');
+      });
+  });
+
+  describe('DevOps Center not enabled', () => {
+    test
+      .stdout()
+      .stderr()
+      .it('shows DevOps Center not enabled error', async (ctx) => {
+        // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+        sandbox.stub(Org, 'create' as any).returns(mockOrg);
+        fetchPipelineStagesStub.rejects(new Error("sObject type 'DevopsPipelineStage' is not supported"));
+
+        try {
+          await AddCommand.run([
+            '--target-org',
+            'testOrg',
+            '--pipeline-id',
+            '0XB000000000001',
+            '--name',
+            'Development',
+            '--next-stage-id',
+            '0Xc000000000002',
+          ]);
+        } catch (e) {
+          // expected
+        }
+
+        expect(ctx.stderr).to.contain("DevOps Center isn't enabled");
+      });
+  });
+
+  describe('rethrows other errors', () => {
+    test
+      .stdout()
+      .stderr()
+      .it('rethrows non-DevOps errors', async () => {
+        // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-explicit-any
+        sandbox.stub(Org, 'create' as any).returns(mockOrg);
+        fetchPipelineStagesStub.resolves([{ Id: '0Xc000000000002', Name: 'Integration' }]);
+        addPipelineStageStub.rejects(new Error('Network error'));
+
+        try {
+          await AddCommand.run([
+            '--target-org',
+            'testOrg',
+            '--pipeline-id',
+            '0XB000000000001',
+            '--name',
+            'Development',
+            '--next-stage-id',
+            '0Xc000000000002',
+          ]);
+          expect.fail('should have thrown');
+        } catch (e: unknown) {
+          expect((e as Error).message).to.contain('Network error');
+        }
+      });
+  });
+});
diff --git a/test/utils/activatePipeline.test.ts b/test/utils/activatePipeline.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2686000
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/utils/activatePipeline.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2026, Salesforce, Inc.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import { expect } from '@oclif/test';
+import sinon from 'sinon';
+import { Connection } from '@salesforce/core';
+import { activatePipeline } from '../../src/utils/activatePipeline.js';
+
+describe('activatePipeline utilities', () => {
+  let connectionStub: sinon.SinonStubbedInstance<Connection>;
+
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    connectionStub = sinon.createStubInstance(Connection);
+  });
+
+  afterEach(() => {
+    sinon.restore();
+  });
+
+  it('calls activate endpoint and returns success', async () => {
+    (connectionStub.request as sinon.SinonStub).resolves({});
+    (connectionStub.getApiVersion as sinon.SinonStub).returns('65.0');
+
+    const result = await activatePipeline({
+      connection: connectionStub as unknown as Connection,
+      pipelineId: '0XB000000000001',
+    });
+
+    expect(result.success).to.be.true;
+    expect(result.pipelineId).to.equal('0XB000000000001');
+    expect(result.status).to.equal('Active');
+
+    const callArgs = (connectionStub.request as sinon.SinonStub).firstCall.args[0];
+    expect(callArgs.url).to.contain('/connect/devops/pipelines/0XB000000000001/activate');
+    expect(callArgs.method).to.equal('POST');
+  });
+
+  it('propagates API errors', async () => {
+    (connectionStub.request as sinon.SinonStub).rejects(new Error('Bad Request'));
+    (connectionStub.getApiVersion as sinon.SinonStub).returns('65.0');
+
+    try {
+      await activatePipeline({
+        connection: connectionStub as unknown as Connection,
+        pipelineId: '0XB000000000001',
+      });
+      expect.fail('should have thrown');
+    } catch (e: unknown) {
+      expect((e as Error).message).to.contain('Bad Request');
+    }
+  });
+});
diff --git a/test/utils/addPipelineStage.test.ts b/test/utils/addPipelineStage.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..faa93f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/utils/addPipelineStage.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2026, Salesforce, Inc.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import { expect } from '@oclif/test';
+import sinon from 'sinon';
+import { Connection } from '@salesforce/core';
+import { addPipelineStage } from '../../src/utils/addPipelineStage.js';
+
+describe('addPipelineStage utilities', () => {
+  let connectionStub: sinon.SinonStubbedInstance<Connection>;
+  let createStub: sinon.SinonStub;
+
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    connectionStub = sinon.createStubInstance(Connection);
+    createStub = sinon.stub();
+    (connectionStub.sobject as sinon.SinonStub).returns({ create: createStub });
+  });
+
+  afterEach(() => {
+    sinon.restore();
+  });
+
+  it('creates sObject record and returns result', async () => {
+    createStub.resolves({ id: '0Xc000000000005', success: true });
+
+    const result = await addPipelineStage({
+      connection: connectionStub as unknown as Connection,
+      pipelineId: '0XB000000000001',
+      name: 'Development',
+      nextStageId: '0Xc000000000002',
+    });
+
+    expect(result.success).to.be.true;
+    expect(result.stageId).to.equal('0Xc000000000005');
+    expect(result.name).to.equal('Development');
+    expect(result.nextStageId).to.equal('0Xc000000000002');
+    expect(result.pipelineId).to.equal('0XB000000000001');
+
+    expect((connectionStub.sobject as sinon.SinonStub).calledWith('DevopsPipelineStage')).to.be.true;
+    const createArg = createStub.firstCall.args[0] as Record<string, unknown>;
+    expect(createArg.Name).to.equal('Development');
+    expect(createArg.DevopsPipelineId).to.equal('0XB000000000001');
+    expect(createArg.NextStageId).to.equal('0Xc000000000002');
+  });
+
+  it('returns error when sObject create fails', async () => {
+    createStub.resolves({ success: false, errors: [{ message: 'Invalid pipeline ID' }] });
+
+    const result = await addPipelineStage({
+      connection: connectionStub as unknown as Connection,
+      pipelineId: '0XB000000000001',
+      name: 'Fail',
+      nextStageId: '0Xc000000000002',
+    });
+
+    expect(result.success).to.be.false;
+    expect(result.error).to.contain('Invalid pipeline ID');
+  });
+
+  it('propagates connection errors', async () => {
+    createStub.rejects(new Error('Connection refused'));
+
+    try {
+      await addPipelineStage({
+        connection: connectionStub as unknown as Connection,
+        pipelineId: '0XB000000000001',
+        name: 'Fail',
+        nextStageId: '0Xc000000000002',
+      });
+      expect.fail('should have thrown');
+    } catch (e: unknown) {
+      expect((e as Error).message).to.contain('Connection refused');
+    }
+  });
+});
diff --git a/test/utils/createPipeline.test.ts b/test/utils/createPipeline.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7ffc509
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/utils/createPipeline.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2026, Salesforce, Inc.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import { expect } from '@oclif/test';
+import sinon from 'sinon';
+import { Connection } from '@salesforce/core';
+import { createPipeline, detectRepoType } from '../../src/utils/createPipeline.js';
+
+describe('createPipeline utilities', () => {
+  let connectionStub: sinon.SinonStubbedInstance<Connection>;
+
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    connectionStub = sinon.createStubInstance(Connection);
+  });
+
+  afterEach(() => {
+    sinon.restore();
+  });
+
+  describe('detectRepoType', () => {
+    it('detects github from URL', () => {
+      expect(detectRepoType('https://github.com/myorg/myrepo')).to.equal('github');
+    });
+
+    it('detects bitbucket from URL', () => {
+      expect(detectRepoType('https://bitbucket.org/myorg/myrepo')).to.equal('bitbucket');
+    });
+
+    it('returns undefined for unknown URLs', () => {
+      expect(detectRepoType('https://gitlab.com/myorg/myrepo')).to.be.undefined;
+    });
+
+    it('returns undefined for plain repo names', () => {
+      expect(detectRepoType('my-new-repo')).to.be.undefined;
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('createPipeline', () => {
+    it('sends correct payload for existing repo and returns result', async () => {
+      (connectionStub.request as sinon.SinonStub).resolves({
+        id: '0XB000000000001',
+        message: 'Pipeline created',
+        status: 'Inactive',
+      });
+      (connectionStub.getApiVersion as sinon.SinonStub).returns('65.0');
+
+      const result = await createPipeline({
+        connection: connectionStub as unknown as Connection,
+        name: 'Release Pipeline',
+        repo: 'https://github.com/myorg/myrepo',
+        repoType: 'github',
+      });
+
+      expect(result.success).to.be.true;
+      expect(result.pipelineId).to.equal('0XB000000000001');
+      expect(result.name).to.equal('Release Pipeline');
+      expect(result.status).to.equal('Inactive');
+      expect(result.repository?.repoUrl).to.equal('https://github.com/myorg/myrepo');
+      expect(result.repository?.repoType).to.equal('github');
+      expect(result.repository?.created).to.be.false;
+
+      const callArgs = (connectionStub.request as sinon.SinonStub).firstCall.args[0];
+      const body = JSON.parse(callArgs.body as string) as Record<string, unknown>;
+      expect(body.name).to.equal('Release Pipeline');
+      expect(body.vcsType).to.equal('github');
+      expect(body.vcsRepoUrl).to.equal('https://github.com/myorg/myrepo');
+      expect(body.stages).to.deep.equal([
+        { name: 'Integration' },
+        { name: 'UAT' },
+        { name: 'Staging' },
+        { name: 'Production' },
+      ]);
+      expect(body).to.not.have.property('createVcsRepo');
+      expect(body).to.not.have.property('vcsRepoName');
+    });
+
+    it('sends correct payload for creating a new repo', async () => {
+      (connectionStub.request as sinon.SinonStub).resolves({
+        id: '0XB000000000002',
+        message: 'Pipeline and repo created',
+        status: 'Inactive',
+      });
+      (connectionStub.getApiVersion as sinon.SinonStub).returns('65.0');
+
+      const result = await createPipeline({
+        connection: connectionStub as unknown as Connection,
+        name: 'New Pipeline',
+        repo: 'my-new-repo',
+        repoType: 'github',
+        createRepo: true,
+        repoOwner: 'myorg',
+      });
+
+      expect(result.success).to.be.true;
+      expect(result.repository?.created).to.be.true;
+
+      const callArgs = (connectionStub.request as sinon.SinonStub).firstCall.args[0];
+      const body = JSON.parse(callArgs.body as string) as Record<string, unknown>;
+      expect(body.createVcsRepo).to.be.true;
+      expect(body.vcsRepoName).to.equal('my-new-repo');
+      expect(body.vcsRepoOwner).to.equal('myorg');
+      expect(body).to.not.have.property('vcsRepoUrl');
+    });
+
+    it('includes description when provided', async () => {
+      (connectionStub.request as sinon.SinonStub).resolves({
+        id: '0XB000000000003',
+        message: 'Created',
+        status: 'Inactive',
+      });
+      (connectionStub.getApiVersion as sinon.SinonStub).returns('65.0');
+
+      const result = await createPipeline({
+        connection: connectionStub as unknown as Connection,
+        name: 'Described Pipeline',
+        description: 'My description',
+        repo: 'https://github.com/myorg/myrepo',
+        repoType: 'github',
+      });
+
+      expect(result.success).to.be.true;
+      expect(result.description).to.equal('My description');
+
+      const callArgs = (connectionStub.request as sinon.SinonStub).firstCall.args[0];
+      const body = JSON.parse(callArgs.body as string) as Record<string, unknown>;
+      expect(body.description).to.equal('My description');
+    });
+
+    it('propagates API errors', async () => {
+      (connectionStub.request as sinon.SinonStub).rejects(new Error('Bad Request'));
+      (connectionStub.getApiVersion as sinon.SinonStub).returns('65.0');
+
+      try {
+        await createPipeline({
+          connection: connectionStub as unknown as Connection,
+          name: 'Fail',
+          repo: 'https://github.com/myorg/myrepo',
+          repoType: 'github',
+        });
+        expect.fail('should have thrown');
+      } catch (e: unknown) {
+        expect((e as Error).message).to.contain('Bad Request');
+      }
+    });
+  });
+});