Add Startpage as search backend and make it the default

Google and DuckDuckGo now require JavaScript execution for search
results, making their scraper backends non-functional. Startpage proxies
Google results as static HTML that can be scraped without JS.

- Add Startpage scraper with `a.result-title` CSS selector
- Set Startpage as the default search engine for new installs
- Add test fixture and parser test for Startpage results
- Existing user configs are preserved (no forced migration)

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

Author: DavidTeju

src/cli.rs

@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ where
                 .num_args(1)
                 .default_value(&engine)
                 .value_name("engine")
-                .value_parser(["duckduckgo", "google", "stackexchange"])
+                .value_parser(["duckduckgo", "google", "startpage", "stackexchange"])
                 .help("Use specified search engine")
                 .next_line_help(true),
         );

src/config.rs

@@ -15,8 +15,9 @@ use crate::utils;
 #[derive(Default)]
 pub enum SearchEngine {
     DuckDuckGo,
-    #[default]
     Google,
+    #[default]
+    Startpage,
     StackExchange,
 }
 
@@ -36,6 +37,7 @@ impl fmt::Display for SearchEngine {
         let s = match &self {
             SearchEngine::DuckDuckGo => "duckduckgo",
             SearchEngine::Google => "google",
+            SearchEngine::Startpage => "startpage",
             SearchEngine::StackExchange => "stackexchange",
         };
         write!(f, "{s}")

src/stackexchange/scraper.rs

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ use crate::error::{Error, Result};
 /// DuckDuckGo URL
 const DUCKDUCKGO_URL: &str = "https://duckduckgo.com";
 const GOOGLE_URL: &str = "https://google.com/search";
+const STARTPAGE_URL: &str = "https://www.startpage.com/do/search";
 
 // Is question_id unique across all sites? If not, then this edge case is
 // unaccounted for when sorting.
@@ -100,6 +101,31 @@ impl Scraper for Google {
     }
 }
 
+pub struct Startpage;
+
+impl Scraper for Startpage {
+    /// Parse SE data out of Startpage search results html.
+    /// Startpage proxies Google results and serves them as static HTML.
+    fn parse(
+        &self,
+        html: &str,
+        sites: &HashMap<String, String>,
+        limit: u16,
+    ) -> Result<ScrapedData> {
+        let anchors = Selector::parse("a.result-title").unwrap();
+        parse_with_selector(anchors, html, sites, limit)
+    }
+
+    /// Creates Startpage search url given sites and query
+    fn get_url<'a, I>(&self, query: &str, sites: I) -> Url
+    where
+        I: IntoIterator<Item = &'a String>,
+    {
+        let q = make_query_arg(query, sites);
+        Url::parse_with_params(STARTPAGE_URL, &[("q", q.as_str())]).unwrap()
+    }
+}
+
 fn make_query_arg<'a, I>(query: &str, sites: I) -> String
 where
     I: IntoIterator<Item = &'a String>,
@@ -330,6 +356,36 @@ mod tests {
         }
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn test_startpage_url() {
+        let q = "how do I exit vim?";
+        let sites = vec![
+            String::from("stackoverflow.com"),
+            String::from("unix.stackexchange.com"),
+        ];
+        assert_eq!(
+            Startpage.get_url(q, &sites).as_str(),
+            String::from(
+                "https://www.startpage.com/do/search\
+                ?q=%28site%3Astackoverflow.com+OR+site%3Aunix.stackexchange.com%29\
+                +how+do+I+exit+vim"
+            )
+        )
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_startpage_parser() {
+        let html = include_str!("../../test/startpage/exit-vim.html");
+        let mut sites = HashMap::new();
+        sites.insert(
+            String::from("stackoverflow"),
+            String::from("stackoverflow.com"),
+        );
+        let data = Startpage.parse(html, &sites, 3).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(data.question_ids["stackoverflow"].len(), 3);
+        assert_eq!(data.question_ids["stackoverflow"][0], "11828270");
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn test_question_url_to_id() {
         // Happy path

src/stackexchange/search.rs

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ use crate::tui::markdown::Markdown;
 
 use super::api::{Answer, Api, Question};
 use super::local_storage::SiteMap;
-use super::scraper::{DuckDuckGo, Google, ScrapedData, Scraper};
+use super::scraper::{DuckDuckGo, Google, ScrapedData, Scraper, Startpage};
 
 /// Limit on concurrent requests (gets passed to `buffer_unordered`)
 const CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_LIMIT: usize = 8;
@@ -82,6 +82,7 @@ impl Search {
         match self.config.search_engine {
             SearchEngine::DuckDuckGo => self.search_by_scraper(DuckDuckGo).await,
             SearchEngine::Google => self.search_by_scraper(Google).await,
+            SearchEngine::Startpage => self.search_by_scraper(Startpage).await,
             SearchEngine::StackExchange => self.parallel_search_advanced().await,
         }
         .and_then(|qs| {