Use cibuildwheel supported prebuilt CUDA images

[CavRiley]

Switch wheel builds to prebuilt quay.io/manylinux_cuda CUDA images, which cibuildwheel now documents as a way to build CUDA wheels on Linux (docs). The 12.2 and 13.0 images aren't listed there yet since they were only just published; the docs currently show 12.9 and 13.1.

This drops the in-repo per-version Dockerfiles and the remaining CUDA libraries rapids-singlecell links (cusolver, cusparse, nvJitLink) are installed via CIBW_BEFORE_ALL.

The images use the :latest tag but they can be pinned to a date tag (e.g. 2026.06.30-1) for reproducibility.

Validated locally by building cp312 wheels for both CUDA 12.2 and 13.0 on x86_64 and aarch64 against the published images with the full cibuildwheel pipeline.

[coderabbitai]

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[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 90.31%. Comparing base (48377be) to head (393eb38).

Additional details and impacted files

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##             main     #707   +/-   ##
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  Coverage   90.31%   90.31%           
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  Files         106      106           
  Lines        9581     9581           
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  Hits         8653     8653           
  Misses        928      928