Closes #4793

Author: sebastianbergmann

ChangeLog-12.5.md

@@ -4,6 +4,10 @@ All notable changes of the PHPUnit 12.5 release series are documented in this fi
 
 ## [12.5.17] - 2026-MM-DD
 
+### Changed
+ 
+* [#4793](https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/phpunit/issues/4793): Exit with non-zero exit code when `exit` was called from some test
+
 ### Fixed
 
 * [#6019](https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/phpunit/issues/6019): `--migrate-configuration` does not update schema location when XML content already validates against current schema

src/Runner/ShutdownHandler.php

@@ -55,6 +55,8 @@ static function () use ($pid): void
                 }
 
                 print $message . PHP_EOL;
+
+                exit(2);
             },
         );
     }

tests/end-to-end/_files/WithExitTest.php

@@ -26,4 +26,11 @@ public function testWithoutMessage(): void
 
         exit(1);
     }
+
+    public function testWithExitZero(): void
+    {
+        $this->assertTrue(true);
+
+        exit(0);
+    }
 }

tests/end-to-end/cli/shutdown-handler-exit-code.phpt

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+--TEST--
+Shutdown Handler: process exits with exit code 2
+--FILE--
+<?php declare(strict_types=1);
+
+$process = proc_open(
+    [
+        PHP_BINARY,
+        __DIR__ . '/../../../phpunit',
+        '--do-not-cache-result',
+        '--no-configuration',
+        '--filter',
+        'testWithoutMessage',
+        __DIR__ . '/../../_files/WithExitTest.php',
+    ],
+    [
+        1 => ['pipe', 'w'],
+        2 => ['pipe', 'w'],
+    ],
+    $pipes,
+);
+
+stream_get_contents($pipes[1]);
+fclose($pipes[1]);
+
+stream_get_contents($pipes[2]);
+fclose($pipes[2]);
+
+$exitCode = proc_close($process);
+
+print 'Exit code: ' . $exitCode . PHP_EOL;
+--EXPECT--
+Exit code: 2

tests/end-to-end/cli/shutdown-handler-message-reset.phpt

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+--TEST--
+Shutdown Handler: no output when message is reset before shutdown
+--FILE--
+<?php declare(strict_types=1);
+
+require __DIR__ . '/../../bootstrap.php';
+
+PHPUnit\Runner\ShutdownHandler::setMessage('This should not be printed');
+PHPUnit\Runner\ShutdownHandler::resetMessage();
+
+print 'done' . PHP_EOL;
+--EXPECT--
+done

tests/end-to-end/cli/shutdown-handler-with-exit-zero.phpt

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+--TEST--
+Shutdown Handler: exit(0) still triggers shutdown message
+--FILE--
+<?php declare(strict_types=1);
+$_SERVER['argv'][] = '--do-not-cache-result';
+$_SERVER['argv'][] = '--no-configuration';
+$_SERVER['argv'][] = '--filter';
+$_SERVER['argv'][] = 'testWithExitZero';
+$_SERVER['argv'][] = __DIR__ . '/../_files/WithExitTest.php';
+
+require __DIR__ . '/../../bootstrap.php';
+
+// Destructs are called after register_shutdown_function callback
+$x = new class ()
+{
+    function __destruct()
+    {
+        print '----';
+    }
+};
+
+(new PHPUnit\TextUI\Application)->run($_SERVER['argv']);
+--EXPECTF--
+PHPUnit %s by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors.
+
+Runtime: %s
+
+Fatal error: Premature end of PHP process when running PHPUnit\TestFixture\WithExitTest::testWithExitZero.
+----