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‎.github/workflows/03-core-features--01-hello-world.yaml‎

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name: Hello World
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on:
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workflow_dispatch:
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jobs:
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say-hello-inline-bash:
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runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
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steps:
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- run: echo "Hello from an inline bash script in a GitHub Action Workflow!"

.github/workflows/01-hello-world.yaml renamed to .github/workflows/03-core-features--02-step-types.yaml

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name: Hello World
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name: Step Types
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on:
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# push:
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# branches:
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# - main
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workflow_dispatch:
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jobs:
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say-hello-inline:
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say-hello-inline-bash:
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runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
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steps:
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- run: echo "Hello from an inline bash script in a GitHub Action Workflow!"
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say-hello-inline-python:
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runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
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steps:
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- run: print("Hello from an inline python script in a GitHub Action Workflow!")
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shell: python
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say-hello-action:
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runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
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steps:

.github/workflows/02-workflows-jobs-steps.yaml renamed to .github/workflows/03-core-features--03-workflows-jobs-steps.yaml

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.github/workflows/03-triggers.yaml renamed to .github/workflows/03-core-features--04-triggers-and-filters.yaml

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- reopened
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paths:
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# include markdown files
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- "02-mechanics-core/filters/*.md"
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- "03-core-features/filters/*.md"
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# Exclude txt files
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- "!02-mechanics-core/filters/*.txt"
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- "!03-core-features/filters/*.txt"
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### https://docs.github.com/en/actions/writing-workflows/choosing-when-your-workflow-runs/events-that-trigger-workflows#schedule
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# schedule:

‎.github/workflows/03-core-features--05-environment-variables.yaml‎

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name: Environment Variables
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on:
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workflow_dispatch:
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env:
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WORKFLOW_VAR: I_AM_WORKFLOW_SCOPED
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jobs:
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job-1:
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runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
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env:
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JOB_VAR: I_AM_JOB_1_SCOPED
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steps:
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- name: Inspect scopes job 1 step 1
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env:
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STEP_VAR: I_AM_STEP_SCOPED
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run: |
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echo "WORKFLOW_VAR: $WORKFLOW_VAR" # visible
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echo "JOB_VAR: $JOB_VAR" # visible
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echo "STEP_VAR: $STEP_VAR" # visible only here
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- name: Inspect scopes job 1 step 2
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env:
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STEP_VAR: I_AM_STEP_SCOPED
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run: |
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echo "WORKFLOW_VAR: $WORKFLOW_VAR" # visible
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echo "JOB_VAR: $JOB_VAR" # visible
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echo "STEP_VAR: ${STEP_VAR:-<UNSET>}" # not set here
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job-2:
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runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
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steps:
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- name: Inspect scopes job 2 step 2
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run: |
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echo "WORKFLOW_VAR: $WORKFLOW_VAR" # still visible
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echo "JOB_VAR: ${FOO:-<UNSET>}" # not set here
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echo "STEP_VAR: ${STEP_VAR:-<UNSET>}" # not set here

‎.github/workflows/03-core-features--06-passing-data.yaml‎

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name: Passing Variables Between jobs
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on:
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workflow_dispatch:
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jobs:
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producer:
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runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
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outputs:
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foo: ${{ steps.generate-foo.outputs.foo }}
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steps:
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- name: Generate and export foo
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id: generate-foo
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run: |
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foo=bar
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# 1) Step output (for job output)
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echo "foo=${foo}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
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# 2) Job-scoped environment variable
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echo "FOO=${foo}" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
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- name: Inspect values inside producer
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run: |
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echo "FOO (set via GITHUB_ENV): $FOO"
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echo "foo (step output): ${{ steps.generate-foo.outputs.foo }}"
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consumer:
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runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
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needs: producer
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steps:
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- name: Inspect values inside consumer (note FOO is unset)
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run: |
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echo "Value from producer: ${{ needs.producer.outputs.foo }}"
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echo "FOO in consumer: ${FOO:-<UNSET>}"

.github/workflows/04-passing-data.yaml renamed to .github/workflows/03-core-features--07-secrets-and-variables.yaml

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name: Environment Vars and Data Passing
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name: Secrets and Environments
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on:
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workflow_dispatch:
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env:
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GLOBAL: THIS_IS_GLOBAL_SCOPED
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jobs:
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job-1:
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runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
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env:
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JOB_1: THIS_IS_JOB_1_SCOPED
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# Make foo available to other jobs
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outputs:
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foo: ${{ steps.generate-foo.outputs.foo }}
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steps:
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- name: Generate and export foo
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id: generate-foo
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run: |
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foo=bar
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# 1) Step output (for job output)
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echo "foo=${foo}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
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# 2) Job-scoped environment variable
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echo "FOO=${foo}" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
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- name: Inspect values inside job-1
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run: |
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echo "GLOBAL (workflow-level): $GLOBAL"
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echo "JOB_1 (job-level): $JOB_1"
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echo "FOO (set via GITHUB_ENV): $FOO"
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echo "foo (step output): ${{ steps.generate-foo.outputs.foo }}"
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job-2:
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runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
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needs: job-1
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env:
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JOB_2: THIS_IS_JOB_2_SCOPED
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steps:
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- name: Inspect values inside job-2 (note FOO is unset)
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run: |
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echo "GLOBAL (workflow-level): $GLOBAL"
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echo "JOB_2 (job-level): $JOB_2"
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echo "Value from job-1: ${{ needs.job-1.outputs.foo }}"
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echo "FOO in job-2: ${FOO:-<UNSET>}"
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job-staging:
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staging-environment:
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runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
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environment: staging
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env:
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# Inject environment-level items into the shell
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EXAMPLE_ENVIRONMENT_SECRET: ${{ secrets.EXAMPLE_ENVIRONMENT_SECRET }}
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EXAMPLE_ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE: ${{ vars.EXAMPLE_ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE }}
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steps:
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- name: Inspect values inside job
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run: |
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echo "Env secret (masked): $EXAMPLE_ENVIRONMENT_SECRET"
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echo "Env variable: $EXAMPLE_ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE"
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job-production:
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production-environment:
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runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
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environment: production
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env:
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# Inject environment-level items into the shell
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EXAMPLE_ENVIRONMENT_SECRET: ${{ secrets.EXAMPLE_ENVIRONMENT_SECRET }}
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EXAMPLE_ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE: ${{ vars.EXAMPLE_ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE }}
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steps:
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- name: Inspect values inside job
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run: |
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echo "Repo secret (masked): $EXAMPLE_REPOSITORY_SECRET"
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echo "Repo variable: $EXAMPLE_REPOSITORY_VARIABLE"
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echo "Env secret (masked): $EXAMPLE_ENVIRONMENT_SECRET"
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echo "Env variable: $EXAMPLE_ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE"
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job-artifact:
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runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
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steps:
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- name: Create artifact file
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run: |
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echo "This will be stored as an artifact!" > artifact.txt
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echo "Generated by job-artifact on $(date)" >> artifact.txt
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- name: Upload artifact
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uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
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with:
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name: example-artifact
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path: artifact.txt

‎.github/workflows/04-advanced-features--01-runner-types.yaml‎

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name: Runner types
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on:
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workflow_dispatch:
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jobs:
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######################################
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# GITHUB (MICROSOFT) HOSTED RUNNERS
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######################################
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# GitHub provides hosted runners which run on Microsoft Azure.
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#
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# Open source projects get some free usage and pro/team/enterprise GitHub
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# subscriptions also come with some number of minutes included (after which
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# you pay based on usage.
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#
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# These are the easiest to get started with (require no additional configuration
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# and it makes sense to use the free minutes, but only on workflows which are not in the
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# critical path for your production deployments. For usage beyond your quota I suggest
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# looking at the below options for higher performance (and more affordable)
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# approaches!
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######################################
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github-hosted-ubuntu-vm:
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name: Ubuntu 24.04 VM
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runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
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steps:
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- name: Show runner info
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run: |
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echo "Hello from ${{ runner.os }}-${{ runner.arch }}"
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echo "Runner name (type): ${{ runner.name }}"
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github-hosted-windows-vm:
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name: Windows 2022 VM
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runs-on: windows-2022
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steps:
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- name: Show runner info
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shell: pwsh
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run: |
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echo "Hello from ${{ runner.os }}-${{ runner.arch }}"
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echo "Runner name (type): ${{ runner.name }}"
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github-hosted-macos-vm:
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name: macOS 14 VM
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runs-on: macos-14
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steps:
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- name: Show runner info
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run: |
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echo "Hello from ${{ runner.os }}-${{ runner.arch }}"
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echo "Runner name (type): ${{ runner.name }}"
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alpine-container-on-github-hosted-ubuntu-vm:
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name: Alpine container on Ubuntu VM
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runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
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container:
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image: alpine:3.20
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steps:
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- name: Show runner info
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run: |
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echo "Hello from ${{ runner.os }}-${{ runner.arch }}"
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echo "Runner name (type): ${{ runner.name }}"
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echo "Container image: $(grep PRETTY_NAME /etc/os-release)"
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######################################
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# 3RD PARTY HOSTED RUNNERS
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######################################
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# There are companies which host GitHub Action runners that provide increased performance for less $$$
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#
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# One such company happens to be the sponsor of the course! 🙏
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#
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# ✨ Namespace Labs (https://namespace.so/) ✨
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#
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# You can likely cut your build times (and your CI bill) signiticantly by using their runners
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# and it only takes changing a single line of yaml:
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#
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# - runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
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# + runs-on: namespace-profile-default # The default as of July 2025 is Ubuntu 22.04
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#
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# (They also offer MacOS and Windows runners!)
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######################################
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namespace-ubuntu-vm:
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name: Namespace Ubuntu VM
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runs-on: namespace-profile-default
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steps:
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- name: Show runner info
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run: |
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echo "Hello from ${{ runner.os }}-${{ runner.arch }}"
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echo "Runner name (type): ${{ runner.name }}"
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######################################
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# SELF HOSTED RUNNERS
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######################################
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# There are also methods to self-host github action runners.
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#
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# These can provide inexpensive compute, but with increased operational overhead.
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# They also allow you to execute within your own VPC which may or may not be important to you depending on your business
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#
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# A few of the most popular options for doing this:
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# - https://runs-on.com/ (run jobs as EC2 instances in AWS)
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# - https://github.com/actions/actions-runner-controller (run jobs in any Kubernetes cluster)
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# - https://docs.railway.com/tutorials/github-actions-runners (run jobs on Railway)
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#
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# Configuration/usage of these is outside the scope of this course, and is left as an exercise for the reader
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######################################

‎.github/workflows/04-advanced-features--02-artifacts.yaml‎

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name: Artifacts
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on:
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workflow_dispatch:
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jobs:
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artifact-producer:
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name: Produce artifact
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runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
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steps:
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- name: Create artifact file
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run: |
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echo "This will be stored as an artifact!" > artifact.txt
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echo "Generated by artifact-producer job on $(date)" >> artifact.txt
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- name: Upload artifact
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uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
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with:
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name: example-artifact
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path: artifact.txt
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artifact-consumer:
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name: Consume artifact
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runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
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needs: artifact-producer
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steps:
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- name: Download artifact
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uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
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with:
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name: example-artifact
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- name: Cat artifact file
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run: cat artifact.txt

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