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# Example: SAM Single Owner PPA Economic Model: Multiple Construction Years
# Models a 120 MW nameplate capacity EGS project with a 7-year construction period. The first 3 years of construction
# are financed with equity and the remaining 4 years are financed with both bonds (debt) and equity.
# See documentation: https://softwareengineerprogrammer.github.io/GEOPHIRES/SAM-Economic-Models.html#multiple-construction-years
# *** ECONOMIC/FINANCIAL PARAMETERS ***
# *************************************
Economic Model, 5, -- SAM Single Owner PPA
Construction Years, 7
Construction CAPEX Schedule, 0.01,0.02,0.07,0.1,0.2,0.2,0.4
Bond Financing Start Year, -3
Royalty Supplemental Payments, 1.5, 0.1, -- $1.5M first year option payment and $100k/yr land lease payment thereafter
Capital Cost for Power Plant for Electricity Generation, 1900
Exploration Capital Cost, 120
Starting Electricity Sale Price, 0.08
Ending Electricity Sale Price, 1.00
Electricity Escalation Rate Per Year, 0.00322
Electricity Escalation Start Year, 1
Fraction of Investment in Bonds, .65
Inflated Bond Interest Rate, .07
Discount Rate, 0.08
Inflation Rate, .023
Combined Income Tax Rate, .28
Investment Tax Credit Rate, 0.3
Property Tax Rate, 0
Well Drilling Cost Correlation, 10, -- VERTICAL_LARGE_INT1
Reservoir Stimulation Capital Cost per Injection Well, 2.1739130435, -- $2.5M/well after contingency
Reservoir Stimulation Capital Cost per Production Well, 2.1739130435, -- Baseline stimulation cost of $4.0M, calibrated from high-intensity U.S. shale well analogue (~$39k/frac stage for 102 stages). This is a pre-contingency value and excludes EGS-specific cost premiums such as ceramic proppant and HPHT hardware.
Reservoir Stimulation Indirect Capital Cost Percentage, 0, -- Baseline stimulation cost includes indirect costs
Field Gathering System Capital Cost Adjustment Factor, 0.54, -- Gathering costs represent 2% of facilities CAPEX per https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/fervo-energy-technology-day-2024-entering-geothermal-decade-matson-n4stc/
# *** SURFACE & SUBSURFACE TECHNICAL PARAMETERS ***
# *************************************************
End-Use Option, 1, -- Electricity
Power Plant Type, 2, -- Supercritical ORC
Plant Lifetime, 30
Reservoir Model, 1
Reservoir Volume Option, 1, -- FRAC_NUM_SEP: Reservoir volume calculated with fracture separation and number of fractures as input
Number of Fractures per Stimulated Well, 55
Fracture Shape, 3, -- Square
Fracture Separation, 26,
Reservoir Density, 2800
Reservoir Depth, 2.6, -- km
Reservoir Heat Capacity, 790
Reservoir Thermal Conductivity, 3.05
Reservoir Porosity, 0.0118
Injectivity Index, 3, -- [kg/s/bar] NREL ATB conservative scenario (https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/geothermal)
Productivity Index, 2.4742, -- [kg/s/bar] NREL ATB conservative scenario (https://atb.nrel.gov/electricity/2024/geothermal)
Number of Segments, 1
Gradient 1, 74
Number of Doublets, 15
Production Flow Rate per Well, 80
Production Well Diameter, 8.5
Injection Well Diameter, 8.5
Well Separation, 365 feet
Ramey Production Wellbore Model, 1
Injection Temperature, 60 degC
Injection Wellbore Temperature Gain, 3
Plant Outlet Pressure, 1000 psi
Production Wellhead Pressure, 325 psi
Utilization Factor, .9
Water Loss Fraction, 0.10
Maximum Drawdown, 1,
Ambient Temperature, 10, -- degC
Surface Temperature, 10, -- degC
Circulation Pump Efficiency, 0.80
Well Geometry Configuration, 4
Has Nonvertical Section, True
Multilaterals Cased, True
Number of Multilateral Sections, 3
Nonvertical Length per Multilateral Section, 1433, -- meters
Number of Multilateral Sections, 0, -- This parameter is set to 0 because, for this case study, the cost of horizontal drilling is assumed to be included within the 'vertical drilling cost.' This approach allows us to more directly convey the overall well drilling and completion cost.
# *** SIMULATION PARAMETERS ***
# *****************************
Maximum Temperature, 500
Time steps per year, 12