Project Red 2026 Update [v3.13.3]

tests/examples/Fervo_Project_Red-2026.out

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+                               *****************
+                               ***CASE REPORT***
+                               *****************
+
+Simulation Metadata
+----------------------
+ GEOPHIRES Version: 3.13.1
+ Simulation Date: 2026-04-19
+ Simulation Time:  09:15
+ Calculation Time:      0.163 sec
+
+                           ***SUMMARY OF RESULTS***
+
+      End-Use Option: Electricity
+      Average Net Electricity Production:                     1.62 MW
+      Electricity breakeven price:                          124.72 cents/kWh
+      Number of production wells:                             1
+      Number of injection wells:                              1
+      Flowrate per production well:                          36.0 kg/sec
+      Well depth:                                             2.3 kilometer
+      Geothermal gradient:                                  71.11 degC/km
+
+
+                           ***ECONOMIC PARAMETERS***
+
+      Economic Model = BICYCLE
+      Accrued financing during construction:                 5.00 %
+      Inflation costs during construction:                   1.30 MUSD
+      Project lifetime:                                       2 yr
+      Capacity factor:                                       90.0 %
+      Project NPV:                                         -23.91 MUSD
+      Project IRR:                                         -76.85 %
+      Project VIR=PI=PIR:                                    0.08
+      Project MOIC:                                         -0.86
+      Project Payback Period:                                 N/A
+      Estimated Jobs Created:                                 5
+
+                          ***ENGINEERING PARAMETERS***
+
+      Number of Production Wells:                             1
+      Number of Injection Wells:                              1
+      Well depth:                                             2.3 kilometer
+      Water loss rate:                                       30.0 %
+      Pump efficiency:                                       80.0 %
+      Injection temperature:                                 56.3 degC
+      Production Wellbore heat transmission calculated with Ramey's model
+      Average production well temperature drop:               4.5 degC
+      Flowrate per production well:                          36.0 kg/sec
+      Injection well casing ID:                               4.276 in
+      Production well casing ID:                              4.276 in
+      Number of times redrilling:                             0
+      Power plant type:                                       Supercritical ORC
+
+
+                         ***RESOURCE CHARACTERISTICS***
+
+      Maximum reservoir temperature:                        400.0 degC
+      Number of segments:                                     1
+      Geothermal gradient:                                     71.11 degC/km
+
+
+                           ***RESERVOIR PARAMETERS***
+
+      Reservoir Model = Multiple Parallel Fractures Model (Gringarten)
+      Bottom-hole temperature:                              174.99 degC
+      Fracture model = Rectangular
+      Well separation: fracture height:                     160.00 meter
+      Fracture width:                                                 160.00 meter
+      Fracture area:                                      25600.00 m**2
+      Reservoir volume calculated with fracture separation and number of fractures as input
+      Number of fractures:                                    100
+      Fracture separation:                                   10.00 meter
+      Reservoir volume:                                25344000 m**3
+      Reservoir hydrostatic pressure:                         22113.27 kPa
+      Plant outlet pressure:                              10342.14 kPa
+      Production wellhead pressure:                        1551.32 kPa
+      Productivity Index:                                     0.49 kg/sec/bar
+      Injectivity Index:                                      0.60 kg/sec/bar
+      Reservoir density:                                   2800.00 kg/m**3
+      Reservoir thermal conductivity:                         2.70 W/m/K
+      Reservoir heat capacity:                             1000.00 J/kg/K
+
+
+                           ***RESERVOIR SIMULATION RESULTS***
+
+      Maximum Production Temperature:                       171.0 degC
+      Average Production Temperature:                       170.5 degC
+      Minimum Production Temperature:                       169.3 degC
+      Initial Production Temperature:                       169.3 degC
+      Average Reservoir Heat Extraction:                     17.22 MW
+      Production Wellbore Heat Transmission Model = Ramey Model
+      Average Production Well Temperature Drop:               4.5 degC
+      Average Injection Well Pump Pressure Drop:           2626.3 kPa
+      Average Production Well Pump Pressure Drop:         10817.8 kPa
+
+
+                          ***CAPITAL COSTS (M$)***
+
+         Exploration costs:                                   3.62 MUSD
+         Drilling and completion costs:                      10.13 MUSD
+             Drilling and completion costs per vertical production well:         3.02 MUSD
+             Drilling and completion costs per vertical injection well:          3.02 MUSD
+             Drilling and completion costs per non-vertical section:             1.80 MUSD
+         Stimulation costs:                                   1.51 MUSD
+         Surface power plant costs:                           9.06 MUSD
+         Field gathering system costs:                        1.60 MUSD
+         Total surface equipment costs:                      10.67 MUSD
+      Total capital costs:                                   25.93 MUSD
+
+
+                ***OPERATING AND MAINTENANCE COSTS (M$/yr)***
+
+         Wellfield maintenance costs:                         0.18 MUSD/yr
+         Power plant maintenance costs:                       0.33 MUSD/yr
+         Water costs:                                         0.28 MUSD/yr
+      Total operating and maintenance costs:                  0.80 MUSD/yr
+
+
+                           ***SURFACE EQUIPMENT SIMULATION RESULTS***
+      Initial geofluid availability:                          0.14 MW/(kg/s)
+      Maximum Total Electricity Generation:                   2.33 MW
+      Average Total Electricity Generation:                   2.31 MW
+      Minimum Total Electricity Generation:                   2.27 MW
+      Initial Total Electricity Generation:                   2.27 MW
+      Maximum Net Electricity Generation:                     1.64 MW
+      Average Net Electricity Generation:                     1.62 MW
+      Minimum Net Electricity Generation:                     1.57 MW
+      Initial Net Electricity Generation:                     1.57 MW
+      Average Annual Total Electricity Generation:           18.24 GWh
+      Average Annual Net Electricity Generation:             12.77 GWh
+      Initial pumping power/net installed power:             44.07 %
+      Average Pumping Power:                                  0.69 MW
+      Heat to Power Conversion Efficiency:                    9.40 %
+
+                            ************************************************************
+                            *  HEATING, COOLING AND/OR ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION PROFILE  *
+                            ************************************************************
+  YEAR       THERMAL               GEOFLUID               PUMP               NET               FIRST LAW
+             DRAWDOWN             TEMPERATURE             POWER             POWER              EFFICIENCY
+                                     (degC)               (MW)              (MW)                  (%)
+   1           1.0000                169.26               0.6932            1.5728                9.2338
+   2           1.0084                170.69               0.6931            1.6264                9.4287
+
+
+                              *******************************************************************
+                              *  ANNUAL HEATING, COOLING AND/OR ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION PROFILE  *
+                              *******************************************************************
+  YEAR             ELECTRICITY                   HEAT                RESERVOIR            PERCENTAGE OF
+                    PROVIDED                   EXTRACTED            HEAT CONTENT        TOTAL HEAT MINED
+                   (GWh/year)                  (GWh/year)            (10^15 J)                 (%)
+   1                  12.7                       135.4                  6.40                   7.08
+   2                  12.9                       136.2                  5.91                  14.20
+
+
+                             ********************************
+                             *  REVENUE & CASHFLOW PROFILE  *
+                             ********************************
+Year            Electricity             |            Heat                  |           Cooling                 |         Carbon                    |          Project
+Since     Price   Ann. Rev.  Cumm. Rev. |   Price   Ann. Rev.   Cumm. Rev. |  Price   Ann. Rev.   Cumm. Rev.   |   Price   Ann. Rev.   Cumm. Rev.  | OPEX    Net Rev.      Net Cashflow
+Start    (cents/kWh)(MUSD/yr) (MUSD)    |(cents/kWh) (MUSD/yr)    (MUSD)   |(cents/kWh) (MUSD/yr)    (MUSD)    |(USD/lb)    (MUSD/yr)    (MUSD)    |(MUSD/yr) (MUSD/yr)    (MUSD)
+________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
+  0      0.00           0.00   0.00     |    0.00     0.00         0.00    |    0.00     0.00         0.00     |    0.00     0.00         0.00     |  0.00     -25.93     -25.93
+  1     15.00           1.90   1.90     |    2.50     0.00         0.00    |    2.50     0.00         0.00     |    0.00     0.00         0.00     |  0.80      1.11     -24.83
+  2     15.00           1.93   3.83     |    2.50     0.00         0.00    |    2.50     0.00         0.00     |    0.00     0.00         0.00     |  0.80      1.13     -23.69

tests/examples/Fervo_Project_Red-2026.txt

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+# Case Study: Fervo Project Red (2026 Update)
+# Based on GEOPHIRES example Fervo_Norbeck_Latimer_2023 (https://gtp.scientificwebservices.com/geophires?geophires-example-id=Fervo_Norbeck_Latimer_2023)
+# with 2026 updates derived from https://fervoenergy.com/enhanced-geothermal-has-been-proven-at-scale-heres-what-two-years-of-production-data-show/
+# Paper references are to "Commercial-Scale Demonstration of a First-of-a-Kind Enhanced Geothermal System." (Norbeck & Latimer, 2023) (https://doi.org/10.31223/X52X0B).
+
+Reservoir Model, 1
+Reservoir Volume Option, 1
+
+Reservoir Density, 2800, -- per the paper phyllite + quartzite + diorite + granodiorite
+Reservoir Depth, 7600 feet, -- per the paper
+Reservoir Heat Capacity, 1000, -- [J/kg/K]
+Reservoir Thermal Conductivity, 2.7
+
+Number of Fractures, 100, -- per the paper
+Fracture Shape, 4, -- per the paper
+Fracture Height, 160, -- per the paper
+Fracture Width, 160, -- per the paper (distance between wellbores assumes a dipole flow field)
+Fracture Separation, 10 meter
+
+Number of Segments, 1
+Gradient 1, 71.11, -- 175°C BHT at 7,600 ft TVD
+
+Plant Outlet Pressure, 1500 psi, -- per the paper
+
+Number of Injection Wells, 1
+Number of Production Wells, 1
+
+Well Geometry Configuration, 4
+Has Nonvertical Section, True
+Multilaterals Cased, True
+Number of Multilateral Sections, 2, -- Two parallel horizontal sections
+Nonvertical Length per Multilateral Section, 3250 feet, -- per the paper
+
+Well Drilling Cost Correlation, 10, -- per the drill cost paper - works out to $400/ft
+Horizontal Well Drilling Cost Correlation, 10, -- per the drill cost paper - works out to $400/ft
+
+Production Flow Rate per Well, 36, -- per https://fervoenergy.com/enhanced-geothermal-has-been-proven-at-scale-heres-what-two-years-of-production-data-show/
+Production Wellhead Pressure, 225 psi, -- per https://fervoenergy.com/enhanced-geothermal-has-been-proven-at-scale-heres-what-two-years-of-production-data-show/
+
+Production Well Diameter, 4.276, -- Assumed ID for 5 inch casing size per https://fervoenergy.com/enhanced-geothermal-has-been-proven-at-scale-heres-what-two-years-of-production-data-show/
+Injection Well Diameter, 4.276, -- See Production Well Diameter
+
+Well Separation, 365 feet, -- per the paper
+
+Injection Temperature, 75, -- per https://fervoenergy.com/enhanced-geothermal-has-been-proven-at-scale-heres-what-two-years-of-production-data-show/. Note that this value is overridden by the lower model-calculated optimum injection temperature.
+Injection Wellbore Temperature Gain, 3, -- [degC]
+Ramey Production Wellbore Model, 1
+
+Injectivity Index, 0.6, -- Calibrated to yield ~0.7 MW Average Pumping Power
+Productivity Index, 0.491, -- See Injectivity Index
+
+Water Loss Fraction, 0.3, -- per https://fervoenergy.com/enhanced-geothermal-has-been-proven-at-scale-heres-what-two-years-of-production-data-show/
+
+Utilization Factor, .9
+Maximum Drawdown, 1, -- no redrilling considered
+
+Ambient Temperature, 10.27
+Surface Temperature, 10.27
+
+End-Use Option, 1, -- electricity as the main product
+Plant Lifetime, 2, -- 614 days of operation from April 2023 to April 2026
+Power Plant Type, 2, -- supercritical binary cycle
+
+End-Use Efficiency Factor, .9
+Circulation Pump Efficiency, 0.80, -- per the paper
+
+Economic Model, 3, -- BICYCLE Levelized Cost Model
+
+Starting Electricity Sale Price, 0.15
+Ending Electricity Sale Price, 1.00, -- essentially no limit as the rate can rise continuously with inflation
+Electricity Escalation Rate Per Year, 0.004053223, -- End up being about 2% inflation
+Electricity Escalation Start Year, 1
+
+Fraction of Investment in Bonds, .5, -- Required for BICYCLE model
+Combined Income Tax Rate, .3, -- Required for BICYCLE model
+Gross Revenue Tax Rate, 0, -- Required for BICYCLE model
+Inflated Bond Interest Rate, .05, -- Required for BICYCLE model
+Inflated Equity Interest Rate, .08, -- Required for BICYCLE model
+Inflation Rate, .02, -- Required for BICYCLE model
+Investment Tax Credit Rate, 0, -- Required for BICYCLE model
+Inflation Rate During Construction, 0.05
+Property Tax Rate, 0, -- Required for BICYCLE model
+
+Print Output to Console, 1
+Time steps per year, 12