Add SchemaAdapterFactory Support for ListingTable with Schema Evolution and Mapping (apache#16583)

- Introduced a new `schema_adapter_factory` field in `ListingTableConfig` and `ListingTable`
- Added `with_schema_adapter_factory` and `schema_adapter_factory()` methods to both structs
- Modified execution planning logic to apply schema adapters during scanning
- Updated statistics collection to use mapped schemas
- Implemented detailed documentation and example usage in doc comments
- Added new unit and integration tests validating schema adapter behavior and error cases

Author: kosiew