updated cairo-lang deps to version 2.19

[TomerStarkware]

Update cairo-lang dependencies to version 2.19

Closes #NA

Bumps cairo-lang dependencies from ~2.17.0-rc.4 to ~2.19.0-rc.0, along with Scarb / Cairo toolchain versions in the Makefile and the vendored cairo submodule (now tracking v2.19.0-rc.0).

The bump pulls in new Sierra constructs that required matching support on the native side:

• BoundedIntGuarantee type — added alongside BoundedInt everywhere the latter is handled (types.rs, values.rs, executor.rs, debug.rs, metadata/trace_dump.rs, sierra-emu). Same MLIR representation as
  BoundedInt, no separate codegen path.
• bounded_int_guarantee_verify libfunc — consumes the guarantee and returns the RangeCheck builtin incremented by 2 (one slot per bound check).
• u128_to_u32_guarantees libfunc — splits a u128 into four little-endian u32 limbs.
• Blake guarantee variants — Blake2sCompressGuarantees / Blake2sFinalizeGuarantees are wired into the existing build_blake_operation path.
• SHA-512 syscall family — new sha512_process_block syscall, Sha512StateHandle type, and Sha512StateHandleInit / Sha512StateHandleDigest libfuncs. The state buffer is arena-allocated on each call to
  preserve the Copy semantics of Sha512StateHandle in corelib (same approach we use for SHA-256). Stub handler uses sha2::compress512; gas cost is 4733 * STEP + 65 * RANGE_CHECK + 3320 * BITWISE.
• add_type_names: false added to all SierraGeneratorConfig call sites required by the new lang version.
• get_unspent_gas test expected value updated from 6200 to 3600 to reflect the new cost model.
• EcConcreteLibfunc::NegNz is now implemented in sierra-emu (was todo!()).

All StarknetSyscallHandler impls across examples and tests gained an unimplemented!() (or Ok(()) in syscalls test) stub for sha512_process_block.

Introduces Breaking Changes?

Yes — StarknetSyscallHandler gains a required sha512_process_block method. Any downstream impl must add it.

• Created PR in sequencer
• Created PR in starknet-replay
• Updated the starknet-blocks.yml workflow to use these PRs.

These PRs should be merged after this one right away, in that order.

Checklist

• Linked to Github Issue.
• Unit tests added.
• Integration tests added.
• This change requires new documentation.
  • Documentation has been added/updated.

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This change is 

[github-actions]

Benchmarking results

Benchmark for program dict_insert

Open benchmarks

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
Cairo-vm (Rust, Cairo 1)	10.511 ± 0.196	10.360	10.965	5.66 ± 0.11
cairo-native (embedded AOT)	1.856 ± 0.011	1.846	1.884	1.00
cairo-native (embedded JIT using LLVM's ORC Engine)	1.873 ± 0.007	1.862	1.882	1.01 ± 0.01

Benchmark for program dict_snapshot

Open benchmarks

Command	Mean [ms]	Min [ms]	Max [ms]	Relative
Cairo-vm (Rust, Cairo 1)	558.0 ± 9.6	548.8	579.4	1.00
cairo-native (embedded AOT)	1671.5 ± 5.8	1659.1	1677.6	3.00 ± 0.05
cairo-native (embedded JIT using LLVM's ORC Engine)	1692.0 ± 7.0	1673.1	1697.3	3.03 ± 0.05

Benchmark for program factorial_2M

Open benchmarks

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
Cairo-vm (Rust, Cairo 1)	4.777 ± 0.026	4.738	4.812	2.21 ± 0.01
cairo-native (embedded AOT)	2.159 ± 0.005	2.149	2.165	1.00
cairo-native (embedded JIT using LLVM's ORC Engine)	2.209 ± 0.090	2.166	2.463	1.02 ± 0.04

Benchmark for program fib_2M

Open benchmarks

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
Cairo-vm (Rust, Cairo 1)	4.732 ± 0.099	4.669	4.983	2.83 ± 0.06
cairo-native (embedded AOT)	1.674 ± 0.010	1.657	1.692	1.00
cairo-native (embedded JIT using LLVM's ORC Engine)	1.691 ± 0.007	1.675	1.697	1.01 ± 0.01

Benchmark for program linear_search

Open benchmarks

Command	Mean [ms]	Min [ms]	Max [ms]	Relative
Cairo-vm (Rust, Cairo 1)	593.2 ± 7.2	585.0	605.6	1.00
cairo-native (embedded AOT)	1694.1 ± 12.4	1682.1	1722.9	2.86 ± 0.04
cairo-native (embedded JIT using LLVM's ORC Engine)	1722.6 ± 10.5	1709.8	1738.6	2.90 ± 0.04

Benchmark for program logistic_map

Open benchmarks

Command	Mean [ms]	Min [ms]	Max [ms]	Relative
Cairo-vm (Rust, Cairo 1)	505.9 ± 4.4	500.4	512.7	1.00
cairo-native (embedded AOT)	1839.2 ± 4.9	1829.8	1846.1	3.64 ± 0.03
cairo-native (embedded JIT using LLVM's ORC Engine)	1962.6 ± 7.5	1951.6	1976.7	3.88 ± 0.04

[github-actions]

Benchmark results Main vs HEAD.

Base

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base dict_insert.cairo (JIT)	1.871 ± 0.016	1.839	1.892	1.01 ± 0.01
base dict_insert.cairo (AOT)	1.849 ± 0.012	1.826	1.866	1.00

Head

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
head dict_insert.cairo (JIT)	1.277 ± 0.037	1.239	1.357	1.00
head dict_insert.cairo (AOT)	1.322 ± 0.023	1.294	1.357	1.03 ± 0.03

Base

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base dict_snapshot.cairo (JIT)	1.682 ± 0.018	1.662	1.716	1.01 ± 0.01
base dict_snapshot.cairo (AOT)	1.660 ± 0.015	1.634	1.682	1.00

Head

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
head dict_snapshot.cairo (JIT)	1.245 ± 0.015	1.229	1.278	1.04 ± 0.04
head dict_snapshot.cairo (AOT)	1.194 ± 0.041	1.129	1.239	1.00

Base

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base factorial_2M.cairo (JIT)	2.173 ± 0.014	2.151	2.194	1.01 ± 0.01
base factorial_2M.cairo (AOT)	2.152 ± 0.010	2.133	2.162	1.00

Head

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
head factorial_2M.cairo (JIT)	1.439 ± 0.021	1.400	1.477	1.00
head factorial_2M.cairo (AOT)	1.443 ± 0.026	1.405	1.494	1.00 ± 0.02

Base

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base fib_2M.cairo (JIT)	1.692 ± 0.009	1.675	1.705	1.02 ± 0.01
base fib_2M.cairo (AOT)	1.659 ± 0.011	1.644	1.677	1.00

Head

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
head fib_2M.cairo (JIT)	1.188 ± 0.041	1.129	1.244	1.03 ± 0.04
head fib_2M.cairo (AOT)	1.152 ± 0.031	1.119	1.227	1.00

Base

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base linear_search.cairo (JIT)	1.715 ± 0.011	1.700	1.730	1.02 ± 0.01
base linear_search.cairo (AOT)	1.682 ± 0.011	1.664	1.695	1.00

Head

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
head linear_search.cairo (JIT)	1.183 ± 0.018	1.159	1.211	1.03 ± 0.03
head linear_search.cairo (AOT)	1.145 ± 0.023	1.126	1.191	1.00

Base

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
base logistic_map.cairo (JIT)	1.947 ± 0.015	1.920	1.968	1.06 ± 0.01
base logistic_map.cairo (AOT)	1.829 ± 0.014	1.809	1.851	1.00

Head

Command	Mean [s]	Min [s]	Max [s]	Relative
head logistic_map.cairo (JIT)	1.355 ± 0.036	1.318	1.428	1.08 ± 0.03
head logistic_map.cairo (AOT)	1.258 ± 0.019	1.238	1.294	1.00

[orizi]

@orizi reviewed 36 files and all commit messages, and made 1 comment.
Reviewable status: complete! all files reviewed, all discussions resolved (waiting on dorimedini-starkware).