Release v1.2.0 - Permission Handling Feature

.gitignore

@@ -62,6 +62,9 @@ venv.bak/
 *~
 .DS_Store
 
+# GitHub Copilot instructions (internal development docs)
+.github/instructions/
+
 # AKS Diagnostics specific
 aks-net-diagnostics_*.json
 .aks_cache/

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -5,6 +5,53 @@ All notable changes to the AKS Network Diagnostics tool will be documented in th
 The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/),
 and this project adheres on [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html).
 
+## [1.2.0] - 2025-10-28
+
+### Added
+- **Permission Handling Feature**: Graceful handling of insufficient Azure RBAC permissions
+  - New finding codes: `PERMISSION_INSUFFICIENT_VNET`, `PERMISSION_INSUFFICIENT_VMSS`, `PERMISSION_INSUFFICIENT_LB`, `PERMISSION_INSUFFICIENT_PROBE_TEST`
+  - Permission error detection in all Azure CLI operations
+  - Specific permission recommendations with example `az role assignment` commands
+  - Tool continues analysis with partial data when permissions are insufficient
+  - Permission findings displayed in separate section of report
+- **Connectivity Test Summary**: Added connectivity test results to report summary
+  - Shows total tests, passed, failed, and could not execute counts
+  - Consistent formatting between summary and detailed reports
+  - Clear distinction between test failures (ran but failed) and permission errors (could not execute)
+- **Enhanced Error Detection**: Improved connectivity test error analysis
+  - Detects `AuthorizationFailed` patterns in test failures
+  - Identifies missing `runCommand/action` permission
+  - Recommends `Virtual Machine Contributor` role on MC resource group
+
+### Changed
+- **Connectivity Tester**: Updated VMSS operations to use permission-aware execution
+  - VMSS list operations now use `execute_with_permission_check()`
+  - Handles permission errors gracefully without crashing
+  - Creates permission findings when VMSS operations fail
+- **Report Generator**: Enhanced connectivity test reporting
+  - Added connectivity tests section to both summary and detailed reports
+  - Improved labels: "Tests Failed" vs "Could Not Execute"
+  - Shows execution status for skipped tests (permission_denied, cluster stopped)
+
+### Fixed
+- **Probe Test Crash**: Fixed crash when using `--probe-test` flag with limited permissions
+  - Tool now handles permission errors gracefully
+  - Creates appropriate permission findings instead of crashing
+  - Provides actionable guidance on required permissions
+
+### Documentation
+- **Permission Handling Plan**: Added comprehensive plan for permission handling implementation
+  - Documented 15 commits for permission handling feature
+  - Added test scenarios and validation checklist
+  - Documented required permissions for all operations
+
+### Known Issues
+- **Azure CLI Bug**: Azure CLI v2.78.0 has a bug where `vmss run-command invoke` returns "This is a sample script" instead of actual command output
+  - Tracked in Azure CLI issue [#32286](https://github.com/Azure/azure-cli/issues/32286)
+  - Fix merged in PR [#32280](https://github.com/Azure/azure-cli/pull/32280)
+  - Workaround: Use Azure CLI v2.77 or wait for v2.78.1/v2.79.0
+  - Our tool handles this gracefully by reporting execution errors
+
 ## [1.1.2] - 2025-10-17
 
 ### Added

README.md

@@ -357,7 +357,7 @@ Generated with `--json-report`, contains:
     "resource_group": "my-rg",
     "subscription": "xxx",
     "generated": "2025-10-03T14:30:00Z",
-    "script_version": "1.1.2"
+    "script_version": "1.2.0"
   },
   "cluster_info": { "..." },
   "findings": [
@@ -499,6 +499,6 @@ Built for Azure Kubernetes Service troubleshooting by the Azure community.
 
 ---
 
-**Version**: 1.1.2  
+**Version**: 1.2.0  
 **Last Updated**: October 2025  
 **Maintained by**: [@sturrent](https://github.com/sturrent)

aks-net-diagnostics.py

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 AKS Network Diagnostics Script
 Comprehensive read-only analysis of AKS cluster network configuration
 Author: Azure Networking Diagnostics Generator
-Version: 1.1.2
+Version: 1.2.0
 """
 
 import argparse
@@ -190,16 +190,16 @@ def check_prerequisites(self):
             subprocess.run(
                 ["az", "--version"], capture_output=True, check=True, timeout=AZURE_CLI_TIMEOUT, shell=IS_WINDOWS
             )
-        except (subprocess.CalledProcessError, FileNotFoundError):
-            raise FileNotFoundError("Azure CLI is not installed or not in PATH")
+        except (subprocess.CalledProcessError, FileNotFoundError) as exc:
+            raise FileNotFoundError("Azure CLI is not installed or not in PATH") from exc
 
         # Check if logged in
         try:
             subprocess.run(
                 ["az", "account", "show"], capture_output=True, check=True, timeout=AZURE_CLI_TIMEOUT, shell=IS_WINDOWS
             )
-        except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
-            raise PermissionError("Not logged in to Azure. Run 'az login' first.")
+        except subprocess.CalledProcessError as exc:
+            raise PermissionError("Not logged in to Azure. Run 'az login' first.") from exc
 
         # Set subscription if provided
         if self.subscription:
@@ -212,8 +212,8 @@ def check_prerequisites(self):
                     shell=IS_WINDOWS,
                 )
                 self.logger.info(f"Using Azure subscription: {self.subscription}")
-            except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
-                raise ValueError(f"Failed to set subscription: {self.subscription}")
+            except subprocess.CalledProcessError as exc:
+                raise ValueError(f"Failed to set subscription: {self.subscription}") from exc
         else:
             # Get current subscription
             current_sub = self.azure_cli_executor.execute(
@@ -233,20 +233,20 @@ def fetch_cluster_information(self):
 
     def analyze_vnet_configuration(self):
         """Analyze VNet configuration using ClusterDataCollector"""
-        collector = ClusterDataCollector(self.azure_cli_executor, self.logger)
-        self.vnets_analysis = collector.collect_vnet_info(self.agent_pools)
+        self.cluster_data_collector = ClusterDataCollector(self.azure_cli_executor, self.logger)
+        self.vnets_analysis = self.cluster_data_collector.collect_vnet_info(self.agent_pools)
 
     def analyze_outbound_connectivity(self):
         """Analyze outbound connectivity configuration using OutboundConnectivityAnalyzer"""
-        analyzer = OutboundConnectivityAnalyzer(
+        self.outbound_analyzer = OutboundConnectivityAnalyzer(
             cluster_info=self.cluster_info,
             agent_pools=self.agent_pools,
             azure_cli=self.azure_cli_executor,
             logger=self.logger,
         )
 
-        self.outbound_analysis = analyzer.analyze(show_details=self.show_details)
-        self.outbound_ips = analyzer.get_outbound_ips()
+        self.outbound_analysis = self.outbound_analyzer.analyze(show_details=self.show_details)
+        self.outbound_ips = self.outbound_analyzer.get_outbound_ips()
 
     def _analyze_node_subnet_udrs(self):
         """Analyze User Defined Routes on node subnets using RouteTableAnalyzer"""
@@ -260,8 +260,6 @@ def analyze_vmss_configuration(self):
 
     def analyze_nsg_configuration(self):
         """Analyze Network Security Group configuration for AKS nodes using modular NSGAnalyzer"""
-        self.logger.info("Analyzing NSG configuration...")
-
         try:
             # Create NSG analyzer instance with the new modular component
             nsg_analyzer = NSGAnalyzer(
@@ -346,8 +344,8 @@ def _get_current_client_ip(self):
             import urllib.error
             import urllib.request
 
-            response = urllib.request.urlopen("https://api.ipify.org", timeout=5)
-            return response.read().decode("utf-8").strip()
+            with urllib.request.urlopen("https://api.ipify.org", timeout=5) as response:
+                return response.read().decode("utf-8").strip()
         except Exception:
             return None
 
@@ -360,10 +358,10 @@ def check_api_connectivity(self):
 
     def analyze_misconfigurations(self):
         """Analyze potential misconfigurations and failures using MisconfigurationAnalyzer"""
-        analyzer = MisconfigurationAnalyzer(self.azure_cli_executor, self.logger)
+        self.misconfiguration_analyzer = MisconfigurationAnalyzer(self.azure_cli_executor, self.logger)
 
         # Run analysis and get findings
-        findings, cluster_stopped = analyzer.analyze(
+        findings, cluster_stopped = self.misconfiguration_analyzer.analyze(
             cluster_info=self.cluster_info,
             outbound_analysis=self.outbound_analysis,
             outbound_ips=self.outbound_ips,
@@ -372,6 +370,7 @@ def analyze_misconfigurations(self):
             nsg_analysis=self.nsg_analysis,
             api_probe_results=self.api_probe_results,
             vmss_analysis=self.vmss_analysis,
+            outbound_analyzer=self.outbound_analyzer,
         )
 
         # Store results
@@ -409,6 +408,27 @@ def generate_report(self):
         if self.json_report:
             report_gen.save_json_report(self.json_report, file_permissions=DEFAULT_FILE_PERMISSIONS)
 
+    def collect_permission_findings(self):
+        """Collect permission-related findings from all analyzers"""
+        # Collect from cluster data collector
+        if hasattr(self, "cluster_data_collector") and hasattr(self.cluster_data_collector, "findings"):
+            for finding in self.cluster_data_collector.findings:
+                self.findings.append(finding.to_dict() if hasattr(finding, "to_dict") else finding)
+
+        # Collect from outbound analyzer
+        if hasattr(self, "outbound_analyzer") and hasattr(self.outbound_analyzer, "findings"):
+            for finding in self.outbound_analyzer.findings:
+                self.findings.append(finding.to_dict() if hasattr(finding, "to_dict") else finding)
+
+        # Collect from misconfiguration analyzer
+        if hasattr(self, "misconfiguration_analyzer") and hasattr(self.misconfiguration_analyzer, "findings"):
+            for finding in self.misconfiguration_analyzer.findings:
+                self.findings.append(finding.to_dict() if hasattr(finding, "to_dict") else finding)
+
+        # NSG and DNS analyzer findings are already collected in their respective methods
+        # Note: Permission findings are created by analyzers with specific context,
+        # so we don't need to duplicate them from azure_cli.permission_errors
+
     def run(self):
         """Main execution method"""
         self.parse_arguments()
@@ -426,6 +446,7 @@ def run(self):
         self.analyze_api_server_access()
         self.check_api_connectivity()
         self.analyze_misconfigurations()
+        self.collect_permission_findings()  # Collect all permission findings before reporting
         self.generate_report()
 
 

aks_diagnostics/__init__.py

@@ -1,9 +1,6 @@
-"""
-AKS Network Diagnostics Package
-Modular package for analyzing AKS cluster network configurations
-"""
+"""AKS Network Diagnostics - Comprehensive AKS network configuration analysis tool"""
 
-__version__ = "1.1.2"
+__version__ = "1.2.0"
 __author__ = "Azure Networking Diagnostics Generator"
 
 # Import only the modules that exist

aks_diagnostics/__version__.py

@@ -10,6 +10,6 @@
 - Python code uses semantic version without prefix (1.0.0, 2.1.0)
 """
 
-__version__ = "1.1.2"
+__version__ = "1.2.0"
 __author__ = "Azure Networking Diagnostics Generator"
 __description__ = "Comprehensive read-only analysis of AKS cluster network configuration"

aks_diagnostics/azure_cli.py

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ class AzureCLIExecutor:
     def __init__(self):
         """Initialize Azure CLI executor"""
         self.logger = logging.getLogger("aks_net_diagnostics.azure_cli")
+        self.permission_errors = []  # Track permission issues encountered
 
     def execute(self, cmd: List[str], expect_json: bool = True, timeout: Optional[int] = None) -> Any:
         """
@@ -80,11 +81,16 @@ def execute(self, cmd: List[str], expect_json: bool = True, timeout: Optional[in
             stderr_output = e.stderr.strip() if e.stderr else ""
             stdout_output = e.stdout.strip() if e.stdout else ""
 
-            self.logger.error(f"Azure CLI command failed: {cmd_str}")
-            if stderr_output:
-                self.logger.error(f"Error: {stderr_output}")
-            elif stdout_output:
-                self.logger.error(f"Output: {stdout_output}")
+            # Check if this is a permission error - don't log it as ERROR since it will be handled gracefully
+            is_permission_error = self._is_authorization_error(stderr_output)
+
+            if not is_permission_error:
+                # Only log as ERROR if it's not a permission issue
+                self.logger.error(f"Azure CLI command failed: {cmd_str}")
+                if stderr_output:
+                    self.logger.error(f"Error: {stderr_output}")
+                elif stdout_output:
+                    self.logger.error(f"Output: {stdout_output}")
 
             # Check for authentication errors
             if "az login" in stderr_output.lower() or "authentication" in stderr_output.lower():
@@ -170,3 +176,114 @@ def get_current_subscription(self) -> str:
         if isinstance(result, str) and result.strip():
             return result.strip()
         return ""
+
+    def _is_authorization_error(self, stderr: str) -> bool:
+        """
+        Check if error is due to insufficient permissions
+
+        Args:
+            stderr: Standard error output from Azure CLI
+
+        Returns:
+            True if the error indicates authorization/permission failure
+        """
+        error_lower = stderr.lower()
+
+        auth_patterns = [
+            "authorizationfailed",
+            "does not have authorization",
+            "insufficient privileges",
+            "forbidden",
+            "the client",  # Common in "The client 'user@example.com' does not have authorization..."
+            "(401)",  # HTTP 401 Unauthorized
+            "permission",  # Generic permission errors
+        ]
+
+        return any(pattern in error_lower for pattern in auth_patterns)
+
+    def _extract_permission_action(self, stderr: str, command: List[str]) -> str:
+        """
+        Extract or infer the missing permission from error or command
+
+        Args:
+            stderr: Standard error output from Azure CLI
+            command: The Azure CLI command that failed (without 'az' prefix)
+
+        Returns:
+            Permission action string (e.g., "Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/read")
+        """
+        # Try to extract from error message first
+        error_lower = stderr.lower()
+
+        # Common permission patterns in Azure CLI errors
+        if "microsoft.network/virtualnetworks/read" in error_lower:
+            return "Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/read"
+        elif "microsoft.compute/virtualmachinescalesets" in error_lower:
+            return "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachineScaleSets/read"
+        elif "microsoft.network/networksecuritygroups" in error_lower:
+            return "Microsoft.Network/networkSecurityGroups/read"
+        elif "microsoft.network/loadbalancers" in error_lower:
+            return "Microsoft.Network/loadBalancers/read"
+        elif "microsoft.network/privatednszones" in error_lower:
+            return "Microsoft.Network/privateDnsZones/read"
+
+        # Infer from command if not in error message
+        cmd_str = " ".join(command).lower()
+
+        if "vnet" in cmd_str and ("show" in cmd_str or "list" in cmd_str):
+            return "Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/read"
+        elif "vmss" in cmd_str and ("show" in cmd_str or "list" in cmd_str):
+            return "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachineScaleSets/read"
+        elif "nsg" in cmd_str and "show" in cmd_str:
+            return "Microsoft.Network/networkSecurityGroups/read"
+        elif ("lb" in cmd_str or "load-balancer" in cmd_str) and "show" in cmd_str:
+            return "Microsoft.Network/loadBalancers/read"
+        elif "private-dns" in cmd_str:
+            return "Microsoft.Network/privateDnsZones/read"
+        elif "aks" in cmd_str and ("show" in cmd_str or "list" in cmd_str):
+            return "Microsoft.ContainerService/managedClusters/read"
+
+        return "Unknown permission (check Azure Activity Log for details)"
+
+    def execute_with_permission_check(
+        self, cmd: List[str], context: str, expect_json: bool = True, timeout: Optional[int] = None
+    ) -> Optional[Any]:
+        """
+        Execute Azure CLI command with permission error handling.
+
+        Args:
+            cmd: Azure CLI command parts (without 'az' prefix)
+            context: Human-readable context for error messages (e.g., "retrieve VNet details")
+            expect_json: Whether to parse output as JSON
+            timeout: Optional custom timeout in seconds
+
+        Returns:
+            Command output or None if permission error occurred
+
+        Raises:
+            Other exceptions if not a permission error
+        """
+        try:
+            return self.execute(cmd, expect_json=expect_json, timeout=timeout)
+        except AzureCLIError as e:
+            # Check if it's a permission error
+            stderr_output = getattr(e, "stderr", str(e))
+
+            if self._is_authorization_error(stderr_output):
+                # Permission error - log and track
+                action = self._extract_permission_action(stderr_output, cmd)
+
+                permission_error = {
+                    "context": context,
+                    "command": " ".join(["az"] + cmd),
+                    "permission": action,
+                    "error": stderr_output,
+                }
+                self.permission_errors.append(permission_error)
+
+                self.logger.warning(f"Insufficient permissions to {context}. Required: {action}")
+
+                return None  # Graceful degradation
+
+            # Not a permission error, re-raise
+            raise