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<a href="./posts/2025-06-14-model-of-chatgpt.html" class="no-external">A Model of ChatGPT</a>
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<a href="./posts/2025-06-14-model-of-chatgpt.html" class="no-external">A Model of Chatbots [==SUPERCEDED==]</a>
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<title>A Model of ChatGPT</title>
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<dc:creator>Tom Cunningham</dc:creator>
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<p>This paper develops a simple model of human and AI ability to answer questions. Each question <img src="https://latex.codecogs.com/png.latex?%5Cbm%7Bq%7D"> is a high-dimensional vector, with a true scalar answer <img src="https://latex.codecogs.com/png.latex?a">. An agent’s estimate of the answer is an interpolation based on previously-seen questions and answers <img src="https://latex.codecogs.com/png.latex?(%5Cbm%7Bq%7D%5Ei,a%5Ei)_%7Bi=1,%5Cldots,n%7D">. This framework extends an <a href="https://tecunningham.github.io/posts/2023-09-05-model-of-ai-imitation.html">earlier model</a> developed for a different purpose.</p>
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<p>The model yields several implications:</p>
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<p>We can make some conjectures about adoption by task: :</p>
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<p>We can make some conjectures about adoption by task:</p>
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<div id="quarto-appendix" class="default"><section class="quarto-appendix-contents" id="quarto-citation"><h2 class="anchored quarto-appendix-heading">Citation</h2><div><div class="quarto-appendix-secondary-label">BibTeX citation:</div><pre class="sourceCode code-with-copy quarto-appendix-bibtex"><code class="sourceCode bibtex">@online{cunningham2025,
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author = {Cunningham, Tom},
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title = {A {Model} of {ChatGPT}},
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title = {A {Model} of {Chatbots} {{[}==SUPERCEDED=={]}}},
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url = {tecunningham.github.io/posts/2025-06-14-model-of-chatgpt.html},
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}
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</code></pre><div class="quarto-appendix-secondary-label">For attribution, please cite this work as:</div><div id="ref-cunningham2025" class="csl-entry quarto-appendix-citeas">
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Cunningham, Tom. 2025. <span>“A Model of ChatGPT.”</span> June 14, 2025.
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<a href="https://tecunningham.github.io/posts/2025-06-14-model-of-chatgpt.html">tecunningham.github.io/posts/2025-06-14-model-of-chatgpt.html</a>.
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Cunningham, Tom. 2025. <span>“A Model of Chatbots
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[==SUPERCEDED==].”</span> June 14, 2025. <a href="https://tecunningham.github.io/posts/2025-06-14-model-of-chatgpt.html">tecunningham.github.io/posts/2025-06-14-model-of-chatgpt.html</a>.
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<li><a href="#model" id="toc-model" class="nav-link active" data-scroll-target="#model">Model</a></li>
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<li><a href="#agrawal-et-al.-2018-exploring-the-impact-of-artificial-intelligence-prediction-versus-judgment" id="toc-agrawal-et-al.-2018-exploring-the-impact-of-artificial-intelligence-prediction-versus-judgment" class="nav-link" data-scroll-target="#agrawal-et-al.-2018-exploring-the-impact-of-artificial-intelligence-prediction-versus-judgment">Agrawal et al.&nbsp;(2018) “Exploring the Impact of Artificial Intelligence: Prediction versus Judgment”</a></li>
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<li><a href="#kleinberg-et-al.-2017-human-decisions-and-machine-predictions" id="toc-kleinberg-et-al.-2017-human-decisions-and-machine-predictions" class="nav-link" data-scroll-target="#kleinberg-et-al.-2017-human-decisions-and-machine-predictions">Kleinberg et al.&nbsp;(2017) “Human Decisions and Machine Predictions”</a></li>
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<p>This paper develops a simple model of human and AI ability to answer questions. Each question <span class="math inline">\(\bm{q}\)</span> is a high-dimensional vector, with a true scalar answer <span class="math inline">\(a\)</span>. An agent’s estimate of the answer is an interpolation based on previously-seen questions and answers <span class="math inline">\((\bm{q}^i,a^i)_{i=1,\ldots,n}\)</span>. This framework extends an <a href="https://tecunningham.github.io/posts/2023-09-05-model-of-ai-imitation.html">earlier model</a> developed for a different purpose.</p>
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<p>We can make some conjectures about adoption by task: :</p>
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<p>We can make some conjectures about adoption by task:</p>
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<div id="quarto-appendix" class="default"><section class="quarto-appendix-contents" id="quarto-citation"><h2 class="anchored quarto-appendix-heading">Citation</h2><div><div class="quarto-appendix-secondary-label">BibTeX citation:</div><pre class="sourceCode code-with-copy quarto-appendix-bibtex"><code class="sourceCode bibtex">@online{cunningham2025,
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author = {Cunningham, Tom},
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title = {A {Model} of {ChatGPT}},
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title = {A {Model} of {Chatbots} {{[}==SUPERCEDED=={]}}},
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</code><button title="Copy to Clipboard" class="code-copy-button"><i class="bi"></i></button></pre><div class="quarto-appendix-secondary-label">For attribution, please cite this work as:</div><div id="ref-cunningham2025" class="csl-entry quarto-appendix-citeas" role="listitem">
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Cunningham, Tom. 2025. <span>“A Model of ChatGPT.”</span> June 14, 2025.
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<a href="https://tecunningham.github.io/posts/2025-06-14-model-of-chatgpt.html">tecunningham.github.io/posts/2025-06-14-model-of-chatgpt.html</a>.
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[==SUPERCEDED==].”</span> June 14, 2025. <a href="https://tecunningham.github.io/posts/2025-06-14-model-of-chatgpt.html">tecunningham.github.io/posts/2025-06-14-model-of-chatgpt.html</a>.
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