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# Graph
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En informatique, un **graphe** est une structure de
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donnรฉes abstraite qui implรฉmente les concepts de
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donnรฉes abstraite qui implรฉmente les concepts de
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graphe orientรฉ et de graphe non-orientรฉ venant
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des mathรฉmatiques, plus prรฉcisรฉment du domaine de
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la thรฉorie des graphes.
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La structure de donnรฉes abstraite de graphe consiste
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en un ensemble fini, รฉventuellement mutable de sommets
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ou nล“uds ou points, avec un ensemble de paires ordonnรฉes
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ou non de tels รฉlรฉments. Ces paires sont des arรชtes, arcs
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La structure de donnรฉes abstraite de graphe consiste
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en un ensemble fini, รฉventuellement mutable de sommets
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ou nล“uds ou points, avec un ensemble de paires ordonnรฉes
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ou non de tels รฉlรฉments. Ces paires sont des arรชtes, arcs
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non orientรฉs, ou lignes pour un graphe non orientรฉ, et
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flรจches, arรชtes orientรฉes , arcs, ou lignes orientรฉes
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dans le cas orientรฉ. Les sommets peuvent faire partie
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de la structure, ou รชtre des entitรฉs extรฉrieures,
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flรจches, arรชtes orientรฉes , arcs, ou lignes orientรฉes
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dans le cas orientรฉ. Les sommets peuvent faire partie
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de la structure, ou รชtre des entitรฉs extรฉrieures,
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reprรฉsentรฉes par des entiers ou des rรฉfรฉrences.
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![Graph](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/data_structures_algorithms/images/graph.jpg)
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![Graph](./images/graph.jpeg)
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*Made with [okso.app](https://okso.app)*
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## References
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- [Wikipedia](https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphe_(type_abstrait))
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- [Wikipedia](https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graphe_(type_abstrait))

โ€Žsrc/data-structures/graph/README.mdโ€Ž

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[_Franรงais_](README.fr-FR.md),
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[_Portuguรชs_](README.pt-BR.md)
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In computer science, a **graph** is an abstract data type
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that is meant to implement the undirected graph and
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In computer science, a **graph** is an abstract data type
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that is meant to implement the undirected graph and
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directed graph concepts from mathematics, specifically
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the field of graph theory
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A graph data structure consists of a finite (and possibly
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mutable) set of vertices or nodes or points, together
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with a set of unordered pairs of these vertices for an
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undirected graph or a set of ordered pairs for a
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directed graph. These pairs are known as edges, arcs,
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or lines for an undirected graph and as arrows,
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directed edges, directed arcs, or directed lines
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for a directed graph. The vertices may be part of
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the graph structure, or may be external entities
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A graph data structure consists of a finite (and possibly
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mutable) set of vertices or nodes or points, together
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with a set of unordered pairs of these vertices for an
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undirected graph or a set of ordered pairs for a
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directed graph. These pairs are known as edges, arcs,
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or lines for an undirected graph and as arrows,
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directed edges, directed arcs, or directed lines
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for a directed graph. The vertices may be part of
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the graph structure, or may be external entities
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represented by integer indices or references.
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![Graph](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/data_structures_algorithms/images/graph.jpg)
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![Graph](./images/graph.jpeg)
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*Made with [okso.app](https://okso.app)*
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## References
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โ€Žsrc/data-structures/graph/README.pt-BR.mdโ€Ž

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Os vรฉrtices podem fazer parte a estrutura do grafo, ou podem
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ser entidades externas representadas por รญndices inteiros ou referรชncias.
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![Graph](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/data_structures_algorithms/images/graph.jpg)
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![Graph](./images/graph.jpeg)
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*Made with [okso.app](https://okso.app)*
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## Referรชncias
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โ€Žsrc/data-structures/graph/README.ru-RU.mdโ€Ž

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**ะ“ั€ะฐั„** ะฒ ะธะฝั„ะพั€ะผะฐั‚ะธะบะต - ะฐะฑัั‚ั€ะฐะบั‚ะฝั‹ะน ั‚ะธะฟ ะดะฐะฝะฝั‹ั…, ะบะพั‚ะพั€ั‹ะน ะดะพะปะถะตะฝ ั€ะตะฐะปะธะทะพะฒั‹ะฒะฐั‚ัŒ ะบะพะฝั†ะตะฟั†ะธะธ ะฝะฐะฟั€ะฐะฒะปะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะธ ะฝะตะฝะฐะฟั€ะฐะฒะปะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ
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ะณั€ะฐั„ะฐ ะฒ ะผะฐั‚ะตะผะฐั‚ะธะบะต, ะพัะพะฑะตะฝะฝะพ ะฒ ะพะฑะปะฐัั‚ะธ ั‚ะตะพั€ะธะธ ะณั€ะฐั„ะพะฒ.
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ะกั‚ั€ัƒะบั‚ัƒั€ะฐ ะดะฐะฝะฝั‹ั… ะณั€ะฐั„ะฐ ัะพัั‚ะพะธั‚ ะธะท ะบะพะฝะตั‡ะฝะพะณะพ (ะธ ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพ ะธะทะผะตะฝััŽั‰ะตะณะพัั) ะฝะฐะฑะพั€ะฐ ะฒะตั€ัˆะธะฝ ะธะปะธ ัƒะทะปะพะฒ, ะธะปะธ ั‚ะพั‡ะตะบ, ัะพะฒะผะตัั‚ะฝะพ ั
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ะกั‚ั€ัƒะบั‚ัƒั€ะฐ ะดะฐะฝะฝั‹ั… ะณั€ะฐั„ะฐ ัะพัั‚ะพะธั‚ ะธะท ะบะพะฝะตั‡ะฝะพะณะพ (ะธ ะฒะพะทะผะพะถะฝะพ ะธะทะผะตะฝััŽั‰ะตะณะพัั) ะฝะฐะฑะพั€ะฐ ะฒะตั€ัˆะธะฝ ะธะปะธ ัƒะทะปะพะฒ, ะธะปะธ ั‚ะพั‡ะตะบ, ัะพะฒะผะตัั‚ะฝะพ ั
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ะฝะฐะฑะพั€ะพะผ ะฝะตะฝะฐะฟั€ะฐะฒะปะตะฝะฝั‹ั… ะฟะฐั€ ัั‚ะธั… ะฒะตั€ัˆะธะฝ ะดะปั ะฝะตะฝะฐะฟั€ะฐะฒะปะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะณั€ะฐั„ะฐ ะธะปะธ ั ะฝะฐะฑะพั€ะพะผ ะฝะฐะฟั€ะฐะฒะปะตะฝะฝั‹ั… ะฟะฐั€ ะดะปั ะฝะฐะฟั€ะฐะฒะปะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะณั€ะฐั„ะฐ.
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ะญั‚ะธ ะฟะฐั€ั‹ ะธะทะฒะตัั‚ะฝั‹ ะบะฐะบ ั€ั‘ะฑั€ะฐ, ะฐั€ะบะธ ะธะปะธ ะปะธะฝะธะธ ะดะปั ะฝะตะฝะฐะฟั€ะฐะฒะปะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะณั€ะฐั„ะฐ ะธ ะบะฐะบ ัั‚ั€ะตะปะบะธ, ะฝะฐะฟั€ะฐะฒะปะตะฝะฝั‹ะต ั€ั‘ะฑั€ะฐ, ะฝะฐะฟั€ะฐะฒะปะตะฝะฝั‹ะต
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ะฐั€ะบะธ ะธะปะธ ะฝะฐะฟั€ะฐะฒะปะตะฝะฝั‹ะต ะปะธะฝะธะธ ะดะปั ะฝะฐะฟั€ะฐะฒะปะตะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะณั€ะฐั„ะฐ. ะญั‚ะธ ะฒะตั€ัˆะธะฝั‹ ะผะพะณัƒั‚ ะฑั‹ั‚ัŒ ั‡ะฐัั‚ัŒัŽ ัั‚ั€ัƒะบั‚ัƒั€ั‹ ะณั€ะฐั„ะฐ, ะธะปะธ ะฒะฝะตัˆะฝะธะผะธ
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ะธะฝั„ะพั€ะผะฐั‚ะธะบะต, ะผะพะณัƒั‚ ะฑั‹ั‚ัŒ ะฟั€ะตะดัั‚ะฐะฒะปะตะฝั‹ ะณั€ะฐั„ะฐะผะธ. ะะฐะฟั€ะธะผะตั€, ัั‚ั€ะพะตะฝะธะต ะ’ะธะบะธะฟะตะดะธะธ ะผะพะถะฝะพ ัะผะพะดะตะปะธั€ะพะฒะฐั‚ัŒ ะฟั€ะธ ะฟะพะผะพั‰ะธ
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ะพั€ะธะตะฝั‚ะธั€ะพะฒะฐะฝะฝะพะณะพ ะณั€ะฐั„ะฐ, ะฒ ะบะพั‚ะพั€ะพะผ ะฒะตั€ัˆะธะฝั‹ โ€” ัั‚ะพ ัั‚ะฐั‚ัŒะธ, ะฐ ะดัƒะณะธ (ะพั€ะธะตะฝั‚ะธั€ะพะฒะฐะฝะฝั‹ะต ั€ั‘ะฑั€ะฐ) โ€” ะณะธะฟะตั€ััั‹ะปะบะธ.
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![ะ“ั€ะฐั„](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/data_structures_algorithms/images/graph.jpg)
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![ะ“ั€ะฐั„](./images/graph.jpeg)
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*Made with [okso.app](https://okso.app)*
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## ะกัั‹ะปะบะธ
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โ€Žsrc/data-structures/graph/README.zh-CN.mdโ€Ž

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ๅฆ‚ๆžœ้กถ็‚นๅฏนไน‹้—ด็š„่พนๆ˜ฏๆœ‰ๆƒ้‡็š„,่ฏฅๅ›พๅฏ็งฐไธบๅŠ ๆƒๅ›พใ€‚
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![Graph](./images/graph.jpeg)
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![Graph](https://www.tutorialspoint.com/data_structures_algorithms/images/graph.jpg)
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*Made with [okso.app](https://okso.app)*
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## ๅ‚่€ƒ
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Loading

โ€Žsrc/data-structures/hash-table/README.fr-FR.mdโ€Ž

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pour plusieurs clรฉs. De telles collisions doivent รชtre
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accommodรฉes d'une maniรจre ou d'une autre.
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![Hash Table](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Hash_table_3_1_1_0_1_0_0_SP.svg)
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![Hash Table](./images/hash-table.jpeg)
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Collision de hachage rรฉsolue par chaรฎnage sรฉparรฉ.
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![Hash Collision](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d0/Hash_table_5_0_1_1_1_1_1_LL.svg)
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![Hash Collision](./images/collision-resolution.jpeg)
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*Made with [okso.app](https://okso.app)*
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## Rรฉfรฉrences
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โ€Žsrc/data-structures/hash-table/README.ja-JP.mdโ€Ž

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# ใƒใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใƒ†ใƒผใƒ–ใƒซ
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ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ”ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใ‚ตใ‚คใ‚จใƒณใ‚นใซใŠใ„ใฆใ€**ใƒใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใƒ†ใƒผใƒ–ใƒซ**๏ผˆใƒใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใƒžใƒƒใƒ—)ใฏ*ใ‚ญใƒผใ‚’ๅ€คใซใƒžใƒƒใƒ”ใƒณใ‚ฐ*ใงใใ‚‹*้€ฃๆƒณ้…ๅˆ—*ใฎๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ‚’ๆŒใฃใŸใƒ‡ใƒผใ‚ฟๆง‹้€ ใงใ™ใ€‚ใƒใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใƒ†ใƒผใƒ–ใƒซใฏ*ใƒใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅ้–ขๆ•ฐ*ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใƒใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆใ‚„ใ‚นใƒญใƒƒใƒˆใฎ้…ๅˆ—ใธใฎใ‚คใƒณใƒ‡ใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใ‚’่จˆ็ฎ—ใ—ใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰็›ฎ็š„ใฎๅ€คใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
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็†ๆƒณ็š„ใซใฏใ€ใƒใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅ้–ขๆ•ฐใฏๅ„ใ‚ญใƒผใ‚’ไธ€ๆ„ใฎใƒใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆใซๅ‰ฒใ‚Šๅฝ“ใฆใพใ™ใŒใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎใƒใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใƒ†ใƒผใƒ–ใƒซใฏไธๅฎŒๅ…จใชใƒใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅ้–ขๆ•ฐใ‚’ๆŽก็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€่ค‡ๆ•ฐใฎใ‚ญใƒผใซๅฏพใ—ใฆๅŒใ˜ใ‚คใƒณใƒ‡ใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใ‚’็”Ÿๆˆใ—ใŸๆ™‚ใซใƒใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใฎ่ก็ชใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช่ก็ชใฏไฝ•ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใงๅฏพๅ‡ฆใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
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![Hash Table](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/Hash_table_3_1_1_0_1_0_0_SP.svg)
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![Hash Table](./images/hash-table.jpeg)
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ใƒใ‚งใ‚คใƒณๆณ•ใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹ใƒใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใฎ่ก็ชใฎ่งฃๆฑบไพ‹
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![Hash Collision](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d0/Hash_table_5_0_1_1_1_1_1_LL.svg)
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![Hash Collision](./images/collision-resolution.jpeg)
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*Made with [okso.app](https://okso.app)*
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## ๅ‚่€ƒ
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โ€Žsrc/data-structures/hash-table/README.ko-KR.mdโ€Ž

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์ด์ƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ, ํ•ด์‹œ ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋Š” ๊ฐ ํ‚ค๋“ค์„ ๊ณ ์œ  ๋ฒ„ํ‚ท์— ํ• ๋‹นํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ํ•ด์‹œ ํ…Œ์ด๋ธ”์€ ๋ถˆ์™„์ „ํ•œ ํ•ด์‹œ ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ•ด์‹œ ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋‘ ๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ํ‚ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋™์ผํ•œ ์ธ๋ฑ์Šค๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ํ•ด์‹œ ์ถฉ๋Œ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ•ด์‹œ ์ถฉ๋Œ์€ ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ๋“  ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
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![Hash Table](./images/hash-table.jpeg)
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*Made with [okso.app](https://okso.app)*
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๋‹ค์Œ์€ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋ฒ•์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ•ด์‹œ ์ถฉ๋Œ์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•œ ์˜ˆ์‹œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
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![Hash Collision](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d0/Hash_table_5_0_1_1_1_1_1_LL.svg)
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![Hash Collision](./images/collision-resolution.jpeg)
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*Made with [okso.app](https://okso.app)*
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## ์ฐธ๊ณ 
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- [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hash_table)
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- [YouTube](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=shs0KM3wKv8&index=4&list=PLLXdhg_r2hKA7DPDsunoDZ-Z769jWn4R8)
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- [YouTube](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=shs0KM3wKv8&index=4&list=PLLXdhg_r2hKA7DPDsunoDZ-Z769jWn4R8)

โ€Žsrc/data-structures/hash-table/README.mdโ€Ž

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index for more than one key. Such collisions must be
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accommodated in some way.
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Hash collision resolved by separate chaining.
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![Hash Collision](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d0/Hash_table_5_0_1_1_1_1_1_LL.svg)
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![Hash Collision](./images/collision-resolution.jpeg)
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## References
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