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+# Dilithium-3 Substrate Pallet
+
+- **Team Name:** Lukasz Biernat (Realm)
+- **Payment Address:** 15ykeGHyzchFuS7Hxo8y3Jf94UqC8LMeuokEfLQxmp2gkuuU (DOT - Polkadot)
+- **Level:** 3
+
+## Project Overview 📄
+
+### Overview
+
+**Dilithium-3 Substrate Pallet** brings NIST-standardized post-quantum cryptography to the Polkadot ecosystem.
+
+Dilithium-3 (ML-DSA-65, FIPS 204) is a lattice-based digital signature scheme selected by NIST as the primary post-quantum signature standard. While quantum computers capable of breaking ECDSA/EdDSA are still years away, the "harvest now, decrypt later" threat means blockchain transactions signed today could be forged retroactively once quantum computers mature.
+
+We've already implemented Dilithium-3 signature verification in our Realm blockchain (C++/CUDA). This grant will port our implementation to a reusable Rust Substrate pallet, enabling any Polkadot parachain to adopt post-quantum security.
+
+### Project Details
+
+#### Technical Architecture
+
+```
+┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
+│                    dilithium3-substrate                         │
+├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
+│                                                                 │
+│  ┌─────────────────┐    ┌─────────────────┐                    │
+│  │  pallet-        │    │  dilithium3-    │                    │
+│  │  dilithium3     │───▶│  core           │                    │
+│  │                 │    │                 │                    │
+│  │  - verify()     │    │  - Pure Rust    │                    │
+│  │  - batch_verify │    │  - no_std       │                    │
+│  │  - storage      │    │  - SIMD optim   │                    │
+│  └─────────────────┘    └─────────────────┘                    │
+│           │                                                     │
+│           ▼                                                     │
+│  ┌─────────────────────────────────────────┐                   │
+│  │           Substrate Runtime              │                   │
+│  │                                          │                   │
+│  │  - Transaction verification             │                   │
+│  │  - Bridge message validation            │                   │
+│  │  - Multi-sig with PQ security           │                   │
+│  └─────────────────────────────────────────┘                   │
+│                                                                 │
+└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
+```
+
+#### Core Components
+
+1. **`dilithium3-core`** - Pure Rust implementation
+   - `no_std` compatible for WASM runtime
+   - SIMD optimizations where available
+   - Constant-time operations (side-channel resistant)
+   - Full FIPS 204 compliance
+
+2. **`pallet-dilithium3`** - Substrate integration
+   - `verify_signature()` - Single signature verification
+   - `batch_verify()` - Optimized batch verification
+   - `register_pq_key()` - On-chain PQ public key storage
+   - Configurable via runtime constants
+
+#### API Specification
+
+```rust
+// Core verification (dilithium3-core)
+pub fn verify(
+    public_key: &[u8; 1952],
+    message: &[u8],
+    signature: &[u8; 3293],
+) -> Result<(), Dilithium3Error>;
+
+pub fn batch_verify(
+    public_keys: &[[u8; 1952]],
+    messages: &[&[u8]],
+    signatures: &[[u8; 3293]],
+) -> Result<(), Dilithium3Error>;
+
+// Pallet extrinsics
+#[pallet::call]
+impl<T: Config> Pallet<T> {
+    /// Verify a Dilithium-3 signature on-chain
+    #[pallet::weight(T::WeightInfo::verify_signature())]
+    pub fn verify_signature(
+        origin: OriginFor<T>,
+        public_key: BoundedVec<u8, ConstU32<1952>>,
+        message: BoundedVec<u8, T::MaxMessageLength>,
+        signature: BoundedVec<u8, ConstU32<3293>>,
+    ) -> DispatchResult;
+    
+    /// Register a post-quantum public key for an account
+    #[pallet::weight(T::WeightInfo::register_pq_key())]
+    pub fn register_pq_key(
+        origin: OriginFor<T>,
+        public_key: BoundedVec<u8, ConstU32<1952>>,
+    ) -> DispatchResult;
+}
+```
+
+#### Performance Targets
+
+| Operation | Target | Notes |
+|-----------|--------|-------|
+| Single verify | < 2ms | CPU reference |
+| Batch verify (100) | < 150ms | Amortized |
+| Key registration | < 1ms | Storage write |
+| WASM overhead | < 20% | vs native |
+
+#### Prior Work
+
+We have a working implementation in our Realm blockchain:
+- **Language:** C++ with CUDA acceleration
+- **Performance:** 56,000 TPS on testnet (GPU-accelerated)
+- **Status:** Testnet running, trading UI functional
+- **Repo:** https://github.com/empyrealm/chain (will be made public)
+
+This grant ports the **CPU reference implementation** to Rust/Substrate.
+
+### Ecosystem Fit
+
+**Where does this fit in the Polkadot ecosystem?**
+
+Post-quantum security is an inevitable upgrade for all blockchains. By providing a ready-to-use Substrate pallet, we enable:
+- Parachains to opt-in to PQ signatures
+- Bridge protocols to verify PQ-signed messages
+- Multi-sig wallets with quantum-resistant keys
+- Future-proofing of high-value transactions
+
+**Target audience:**
+- Parachain developers wanting PQ security
+- Bridge builders (Realm ↔ Polkadot)
+- Security-focused DeFi protocols
+- Enterprise/institutional users
+
+**What need does this fill?**
+
+Currently, no production-ready Dilithium-3 implementation exists for Substrate. The `pqcrypto` crate exists but isn't optimized for blockchain use cases (no batching, no `no_std`, no pallet integration).
+
+**Similar projects:**
+- `pqcrypto` - Generic PQ crypto library (not Substrate-specific)
+- None in Polkadot ecosystem with pallet integration
+
+## Team 👥
+
+### Team members
+
+- **Lead:** Lukasz Biernat - Solo founder, full-stack blockchain developer
+
+### Contact
+
+- **Contact Name:** Lukasz Biernat
+- **Contact Email:** empyrealm@proton.me
+- **Website:** https://realm.software
+
+### Legal Structure
+
+- **Registered Address:** Will provide upon grant approval (KYC process)
+- **Registered Legal Entity:** Individual / Sole Proprietor
+
+### Team's Experience
+
+**Realm Blockchain (2024-present)**
+- Built post-quantum L1 blockchain from scratch in C++
+- Implemented Dilithium-3 signatures with CUDA GPU acceleration
+- Achieved 56,000 TPS on testnet with 25ms finality
+- Full-stack: consensus (Mysticeti DAG-BFT), execution, networking, SDK, trading UI
+
+**Relevant Technical Skills:**
+- C++ (10+ years), Rust (3+ years)
+- CUDA/GPU programming
+- Cryptography implementation
+- Blockchain consensus mechanisms
+
+### Team Code Repos
+
+- https://github.com/empyrealm/dilithium3-substrate (This project - will be populated)
+- https://github.com/empyrealm/exchange (Trading UI - TypeScript/React)
+- https://github.com/empyrealm/ui (Component library)
+
+### Team LinkedIn Profiles
+
+- https://www.linkedin.com/in/lukasz-biernat-616b92379/
+
+## Development Status 📖
+
+**Current status:** We have a working Dilithium-3 implementation in C++.
+
+**Research references:**
+- NIST FIPS 204: https://csrc.nist.gov/pubs/fips/204/final
+- Dilithium specification: https://pq-crystals.org/dilithium/
+- Our implementation reference: CRYSTALS-Dilithium reference code
+
+**What exists:**
+- ✅ Dilithium-3 keygen, sign, verify (C++)
+- ✅ GPU batch verification (CUDA)
+- ✅ Integration with BLAKE3 hashing
+- ✅ Working blockchain testnet
+
+**What this grant produces:**
+- Rust port of verification logic
+- Substrate pallet wrapper
+- Comprehensive test suite
+- Documentation and examples
+
+## Development Roadmap 🔩
+
+### Overview
+
+- **Total Estimated Duration:** 3 months
+- **Full-Time Equivalent (FTE):** 1
+- **Total Costs:** $100,000 USD
+
+### Milestone 1 — Core Rust Implementation
+
+- **Estimated duration:** 1 month
+- **FTE:** 1
+- **Costs:** $35,000 USD
+
+| Number | Deliverable | Specification |
+|--------|-------------|---------------|
+| 0a. | License | Apache 2.0 |
+| 0b. | Documentation | Inline rustdoc + README with usage examples |
+| 0c. | Testing Guide | Instructions for running test suite |
+| 0d. | Docker | Dockerfile for reproducible builds |
+| 1. | dilithium3-core crate | Pure Rust Dilithium-3 implementation, `no_std` compatible |
+| 2. | Verification function | `verify(pk, msg, sig) -> Result<(), Error>` |
+| 3. | Batch verification | `batch_verify()` with early-exit optimization |
+| 4. | Test vectors | NIST KAT (Known Answer Tests) compliance |
+| 5. | Benchmarks | Criterion benchmarks for all operations |
+
+### Milestone 2 — Substrate Pallet
+
+- **Estimated duration:** 1 month
+- **FTE:** 1
+- **Costs:** $35,000 USD
+
+| Number | Deliverable | Specification |
+|--------|-------------|---------------|
+| 0a. | License | Apache 2.0 |
+| 0b. | Documentation | Pallet integration guide |
+| 0c. | Testing Guide | Integration test instructions |
+| 0d. | Docker | Docker compose for local testnet |
+| 1. | pallet-dilithium3 | Substrate pallet wrapping dilithium3-core |
+| 2. | Extrinsics | `verify_signature`, `register_pq_key`, `batch_verify` |
+| 3. | Storage | PQ public key registry per account |
+| 4. | Events | `SignatureVerified`, `PqKeyRegistered` |
+| 5. | Weights | Benchmarked weight functions |
+| 6. | Example runtime | Substrate node template with pallet integrated |
+
+### Milestone 3 — Documentation & Security
+
+- **Estimated duration:** 1 month
+- **FTE:** 1
+- **Costs:** $30,000 USD
+
+| Number | Deliverable | Specification |
+|--------|-------------|---------------|
+| 0a. | License | Apache 2.0 |
+| 0b. | Documentation | Full API documentation |
+| 0c. | Testing Guide | Security testing guide |
+| 0d. | Article | Medium/blog post announcing the pallet |
+| 1. | Security analysis | Constant-time verification, side-channel review |
+| 2. | Integration guide | Step-by-step parachain integration |
+| 3. | Bridge spec | Protocol specification for PQ-secured bridges |
+| 4. | Example: Realm bridge | Demo bridge contract using the pallet |
+| 5. | Video tutorial | 10-minute integration walkthrough |
+
+## Future Plans
+
+**Short-term (post-grant):**
+- Launch Realm mainnet with Dilithium-3 consensus
+- Deploy Realm ↔ Polkadot bridge using this pallet
+- Seek security audit from reputable firm
+
+**Long-term:**
+- GPU-accelerated verification as optional Substrate host function
+- Additional PQ algorithms (Kyber for key exchange, SPHINCS+ for stateless sigs)
+- Become the standard PQ crypto library for Polkadot ecosystem
+
+**Funding:**
+- This grant funds initial development
+- Future grants for bridge implementation, GPU acceleration
+- Potential VC funding for Realm mainnet launch
+
+## Additional Information ➕
+
+**How did you hear about the Grants Program?**
+Web3 Foundation website and ecosystem research.
+
+**Previous grants:**
+None - this is our first Web3 Foundation application.
+
+**Other funding:**
+Self-funded to date. No VC, no token sale.
+
+**What makes this unique:**
+- We've already built working Dilithium-3 verification (not starting from scratch)
+- Real-world tested in our blockchain (not theoretical)
+- Focus on practical integration (pallet, not just library)
+- Path to production bridge (Realm ↔ Polkadot)
+
+---
+
+## Appendix: Dilithium-3 Parameters
+
+| Parameter | Value |
+|-----------|-------|
+| Security Level | NIST Level 3 (~128-bit post-quantum) |
+| Public Key Size | 1,952 bytes |
+| Signature Size | 3,293 bytes |
+| Secret Key Size | 4,032 bytes |
+
+## Appendix: Realm Testnet Stats
+
+| Metric | Value |
+|--------|-------|
+| TPS (GPU batch verify) | 56,000 |
+| Block Time | 25ms |
+| Finality | Single-slot |
+| Signature Algorithm | Dilithium-3 (FIPS 204) |
+| Hash Algorithm | BLAKE3 |
+| Consensus | Mysticeti DAG-BFT |